@article { author = {Al Yousef, Al Bandari}, title = {Thysanoptera (Insecta) recorded from Saudi Arabia, Part II. Suborder Tubulifera}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {1-15}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12882}, abstract = {The Thysanoptera (thrips) known to exist in Saudi Arabia are presented in two parts: Part I dealt with the suborder Terebrantia and the present work (part II) deals with the suborder Tubulifera. The Tubulifera of Saudi Arabia presented here includes 17 species belonging to 6 genera of two subfamilies (Idolothripinae and Phlaeothripinae) under only one family (Phlaeothripidae) and one superfamily (Phlaeothripoidea). Alltaxa, the suborder, the family, subfamilies, genera and species are diagnosed. Taxonomic notes, distribution, importance, habitat and host records for each Tubuliferanspecies are given. Updated scientific names and taxonomic position, synonyms and types are also included.}, keywords = {Thysanoptera,Tubulifera-Saudi Arabia}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12882.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12882_9c57207ea80bed3866b85e282c046820.pdf} } @article { author = {Mabrouk, Mahmoud and Mahbob, Mohamed}, title = {Effect of Different Coloured Light Traps on Captures and Controlling Wax Moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {17-24}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12883}, abstract = {Field experiments were conducted to determine the attractive action of different colours (red, yellow, green, blue, white and black) to adult greater ,Galleria  mellonella  L. and lesser, Achroia  grisella  Fab., (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and to assess the  influence of trap  colour on their capture  moths in plastic bottles baited traps. The results demonstrated, Galleria mellonella L. and Achroia grisella Fab. can distinguish between various colours , with regard to treatment colours light traps with red light, black, blue  trapped significantly higher  numbers  of  both greater and lesser wax moths followed by green, yellow and white traps. In conclusion, a trap with red and black light colour was the best attractive equipment for the wax moths. Where, the red colour traps caught the greatest number of moths, recording, 50.0% of the total moth captured, while the, white color traps caught the fewest number of moths recording only 23.27% with average 42.977% when the traps is far from the colonies by 6 meters only, while they were 50.94 and 3.7% with average 38.58 % when the distance between the colonies and light trap were 12 meters.  Future research is recommended for better understanding of the effect of trap color on the diversity and abundance of non-target insects captured.}, keywords = {Wax Moth,Galleria mellonella L,Coloured light trap,Achroia grisella Fab}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12883.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12883_3256f32322acf52c30a75c247af98ab0.pdf} } @article { author = {Al Yousef, Al Bandari and Al Keridis, Lamya}, title = {Checklist of the family Anthomyiidae (Diptera) from Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {25-34}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12898}, abstract = {A total fourteen species belonging to five genera (Anthomyia,Chirosiomima, Delia, Leucophora and Pegomyia) of two subfamilies (Anthomyiinae and Pegomyinae)representing the family Anthomyiidae in Saudi Arabia are presented together with some remarks and taxonomical notes. Taxonomic position, synonyms, common names, distribution and host plant records of each species are provided. New records in Saudi Arabia are indicated.}, keywords = {family Anthomyiidae- Saudi Arabia}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12898.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12898_30214c00f38c3c1c7d08eb9784cb8d3b.pdf} } @article { author = {Radwan, Wafaa and Helmy, Nadia and Shanbaky, Nawal and ReBakr, Reda and Salem, Dalia A and Abd ElHamid, Amira}, title = {Effect of lufox on haemolymph and ovarian protein in the soft tick, Argas persicus.}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {35-48}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12899}, abstract = {Changes in the total protein titer in the haemolymph (HL) and ovaries (Ov) of mated fed normal and Lufox treated female Argas persicus during the reproductive cycle and in the HL of normal male were studied. Tick engorgement was followed by an intial drop of the HL total protein concentration immediately and up to the 2nd and 3rd day after feeding (daf), then by a gradual increase on next days to reach maximum on 4-7 and 6-7 daf in the female and male, respectively. The level in the female HL was much higher than that in the male during vitellogenesis and the onset of oviposition. In the ovaries of normal female the total protein level increased gradually immediately up to 2 daf and evidently on 3 daf to reach a maximum on 5-7 daf. The protein level in the HL and ovaries decreased after the completion of oviposition (20 daf). Topical application of a single dose of 50 ppm Lufox on the mated female A. persicus  on the 3rd daf interfered with protein production causing a significant reduction in the total protein level in the HL (43.04-55.57%) and ovaries (36.47-46.43%) during vitellogenesis on 4-7 daf and in eggs (15.38%) freshly deposited by the treated female. Also, application of Lufox on the 3rd daf altered the normal pattern of change in the level of HL and ovary total protein during the reproductive cycle by preventing any appreciable increase in the level on next days (4-7 daf) where the level remained constant in the ovaries and even decreased in the HL (4-5 daf).}, keywords = {Argas persicus,Vitellogenesis,protein,Lufox}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12899.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12899_82b9528438f18811b040a3fff14a1316.pdf} } @article { author = {Darwish, Adnan}, title = {Susceptibility of Certain Fruit Trees to Infestation With the White Peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni -Tozzetti), With Some Ecological Aspects}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {49-58}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12900}, abstract = {The susceptibility of peach, apricot, and pear trees to attack with the white peach scale, (WPS) Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) (Hemiptera, Diaspididae) was evaluated in Nubaria district, El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt from May, 2013 to April, 2015. Results showed that there were no fruit trees of them immune to this pest; the populations of (WPS) were significantly different between the fruit species under study. The susceptibility of peach trees was significantly higher than apricot and pear trees. The total population of P. pentagona had four overlapping annual generations on the three types of fruit trees during the two successive years of study. The monthly variations of P. pentagona population were calculated. Also distribution patterns of P. pentagona on the cardinal directions were studied. The insect distributes on the whole tree with special preference to the eastern cardinal sides in peach and pear trees followed by northern side. But the preference sides in apricot trees were the northern side followed by eastern cardinal side.}, keywords = {Pseudaulacaspis pentagona,Peach,Apricot,Pear,cardinal directions}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12900.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12900_49e39d3633b62bef51210c7b58753601.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdelmegeed, Sawsan}, title = {Strong Impact of Five Genetic and Non-genetic Factors Exerting Their Effects on Honey bee Queens to Increase Bee honey Production}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {59-64}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12901}, abstract = {The study investigated the impact of using queens produced from a superior race, a young larval age, an improved diet, a large colony and young workers on weight of bee honey production. The study has shown remarkable increases in honey production, attaining: (1) 33.9% in citrus honey, 60.5% in clover honey as a result of using queens from the Italian race Apis mellifera ligustica as compared to queens from the Carniolan race Apis mellifera carnica. (2) 58.1%, 61.5% and 64.7% in citrus honey and 61.8%, 177.0% and 232.2% in clover honey as a result of using queens reared from larval ages of 12 hours as compared to larval ages of 24, 36 and 48 hours, respectively. (3) 69.2% and128.3% in citrus honey and 4.1% and126.1% in clover honey as a result of using queens from colonies fed on pollencake+5%thymolascompared to those fed on diets of pollen cake and sugar solution, respectively. (4) 26.7% and 136.7% in citrus honey and 26.1% and 67.2% in clover honey as a result of using queens from colonies including 9 combs as compared to 6 and 3 combs, respectively. (5) 50.0% in citrus honey and 90.8% in clover honey as a result of using queens reared by nurse workers as compared to field workers. These results revealed wide opportunities for beekeepers to enhance their honey production whenever they rear queens from the Italian race Apis mellifera ligustica produced from larvae of 12 hours of age, fed on a diet involving pollen cake + 5% thymol reared in colonies containing 9combs and being relied on nurse workers}, keywords = {Honey bee,Apis mellifera,Queens,honey production,Races,Larval age,Nurse workers}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12901.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12901_c93082d7f636fe97ae55f61999ecd84d.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdelmegeed, Sawsan and G., Sawires,}, title = {Comparative Studies on the Antennal Sense Organs of Queen and Worker Honey Bees, Apis mellifera L.}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {65-75}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12902}, abstract = {The antennal forms and sensilla of queen and workers honeybees Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to describe the types, and distribution of sensory structures to ascertain the relationship between sensory structures and behavior. Differences were found in sensilla types’ diversity and distribution on the antennae of queens grafted from 12 and 48 hrs and workers honey bees. The scape with long trichoid were found in workers but with special very long in size for the queens honey bee. The pedicle with trichoid (short and long) were found in both worker and queen honeybee. There is a significant association between type, size and density of sensilla on flagellum segments. The segments of flagellum from 3rd to 10th are bearing placoid different in shape and size (oval, circle and square) and different in number on queen and worker. Basiconicum (large and small) with apical one pore were present with strong hook (curved shape) on second segment of flagellum in the worker but absent in the queen honey bees. The sensilla amplluicica and coeloconica were found on the same flagellum segments.  There is a great variety of sense organs on the apical segment of flagellum for both workers and queen honeybees. The numbers of sensilla trichoid, placodea, campaniform, Basiconicum, amplluicica, and coeloconica varied most among bee casts and also antennal segments (scape, pedical and flagella).}, keywords = {Honey bee,Queen,Worker,Apis mellifera,Antennae,Sense Organs,Scanning electron,microscope}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12902.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12902_c7d52b7188aea6e2924f4b9d5cd8f6b4.pdf} } @article { author = {Hoseini, Zahra and Dousti*, Abu Fazel}, title = {Snout Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) Fauna from Northern Khorasan Province of Iran}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {77-81}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12903}, abstract = {Curculionoidea (snout beetles) with about 60000 species is known as the most diversesuper-families of coleopteran beetles in the world. As for damages caused by snout beetles on crops, study on the species is very important. Therefore, sampling was collected from pastures, garden weeds (peach and plum) and fields (wheat, alfalfa, potato, lentil and onion) of different villages of Maaneh and Samalghan (Northern Khorasan) during April to September of 2013. Snout beetle species was captured by different methods; by hand, sweeping net and light trap. In this study, 9 species belonging to Curculionidae and 5 species belonging to Apionidae were collected and  identified. Seven species are new reports for Northern Khorasan.}, keywords = {Apionidae,Curculionidae Snout beetles Maaneh and Samalgha Northern Khorasan Iran}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12903.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12903_511da394b6c7bc9765dc37372da5ae6b.pdf} } @article { author = {Asiry, Khalid}, title = {Species Richness and Abundance of Hymenopterous Parasitoids of the Family of Braconidae (Subfamily Aphidiinae) Within A barley Agro-ecosystem in Hail Region, Saudi Arabia.}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {83-90}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12906}, abstract = {Subfamily Aphidiinae has diverse parasitoid species that are known as solitary endoparasitoids of aphid pests with a comprehensive distribution. Thus, the present study was conducted as a preliminary study to investigate the species richness and abundance of the family of Braconidae (Subfamily Aphidiinae) within a commercial barley crop between February and April 2013 in Hail region, northern Saudi Arabia. Results showed that five species of Aphidiinae were captured within the barley agroecosystem in this region. These included the following: Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshal, 1896), Binodoxys angelicae (Haliday, 1833), Ephedrus persicae (Froggatt, 1904), Aphidius colemani (Viereck, 1912) and Pauesia sp. However, L. fabarum was found to be the dominant species (67.70%) in the abundance compared to the other species, whereas Pauesia sp. was found to be a much rarer species (3.23%) in the barley agroecosystem. Moreover, the results revealed a higher weekly variation in the abundances of the collected Braconid species during the cropping season of barley. The higher abundance of some of the Braconid species in this study could be attributed to the presence of uncultivated crops (weeds) which provide suitable conditions for increasing the abundance of the Braconid species. On the whole, this study suggests that more survey studies for investigating the Hymenopterous parasitoids in many ecosystems in Hail region are required for the successful implementation of biological control program in this region.}, keywords = {Hymenopterous parasitoids,biological control,Braconidae,Aphidiinae,Lysiphlebus fabarum,Barley crop}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12906.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12906_d4c4dc2c858e27d6c7f394e2d2d62e90.pdf} } @article { author = {I., Saad and Taha, Rehab and Sherif, A.}, title = {Using Red Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Extract to Improve Silk Production of Mulberry Silkworm (Bombyx mori l.)}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {91-96}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12907}, abstract = {The effect of addition the red beet extract to the food of mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori as a supplements at three concentrations i.e. 25, 50 and 100% was investigated during the last larval instar. The mean weights of mature larvae, silk gland, fresh cocoon, pupae, and cocoon shell were recorded as indicator for growth and silk production of mulberry silkworm. All concentrations of red beet extract showed a significant increase in all traits of silkworm treated larvae. The concentration of 50% of red beet gave the best records which significantly enhanced the all traits (mature larvae, silk gland, fresh cocoon, pupae and cocoon shell) by 7.8, 27.94, 35.54, 35.19 and 31.6% higher than control, respectively. This study indicated that the red beet supplement can be used to increase the silk yield in commercial silkworm.}, keywords = {Red beet extract,silk production,Bombyx mori L}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12907.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12907_152ba25d61a3468f203ee697de0882cf.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Sabagh, Marwa and Desoky, Shimaa and Ahmed, Yasmein}, title = {Using Certain Inorganic Salts as a Chemosterilant Against Cotton Leafworm Spodopter alittoralis (Boisd.)}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {97-102}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12909}, abstract = {Six inorganic salts were evaluated as possible sterilants against the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis, by applying the pupal dipping technique. Results showed that all of the tested salts adversely affected the adult emergence and reduced the egg laying capacity and egg hatchability. The salts, NaoH, Ca (oH)2 and  ZnSO4 gave 100% percent sterility with all tested nontoxic concentrations. Percentage of sterility increased with the increase of the concentration. All other salts induced degrees of sterility ranging from 55 to 75%. Treatment with these inorganic salts also caused several malformations in pupae and resulted moths.}, keywords = {inorganic salts,leafworm,Spodoptera littoralis,Chemosterilant}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12909.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12909_b11cbbe0650019245733cacd84a05900.pdf} } @article { author = {M, Abolmaaty S and Maklad, Amna and Reyad, Naglaa F}, title = {Heat Unit Accumulation for The Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) On Potato And Tomato Crops Under Climatic Changes}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {103-109}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12912}, abstract = {Climate change could profoundly affect the status of agricultural insect pests. This study is a predict of the two-spotted spider mite in potato and tomato cops annual generation peaks under current and expected future climate by using the relationship between the accumulated thermal heat units expressed as degree-days unit (DDU) and the population fluctuations. The results indicate the population of the predicate annual generation number and duration of T. urticae of tomato and potato crop under current and expected future climatic changes and their relationship with accumulated thermal units (degree-days units), at Beheira, Bani sweif and Sohag governorates. Under current climate mean generation numbers of T. urticae (10-12 and 12) and mean numbers days per generate (21-19 and 19) and mean degree-days units for T. urticae (170.7- 170.9 and 167.4) at Beheira, Bani sweif and Sohag governorates, respectively were highly recorded compared with expected future climate in 2050s and 2100s. Meanwhile, future predicate in 2050s and 2100s, mean generation numbers (15-17 generation) were highly recorded, but mean degree-days units (165.2-172.3 unit) were highly recorded and days numbers per generate (14-17 days per generate) were less recorded compared with data of current climate, respectively.}, keywords = {Tetranychus urticae,Climatic changes,Degree-days units,generations}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12912.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12912_df756da89dc732a49f2ec22d7ad0c107.pdf} } @article { author = {Jokar, Mahmoud and Safaralizadeh, Mohammad and Hadizadeh, Farzin H and Rahmani, Fatemeh and Kalani, Mohammad}, title = {The Theoretical Study of Molecular Dynamics To Design An Ultra-nano- Filtration For Diazinon Removal In Water Median}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {111-116}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12914}, abstract = {Accumulation of pesticides in particular organophosphorus in water achieved a global warning. Therefore, acquiring technical knowledge on ultrafiltration is necessary in environmental purification. Theoretical designs are the first step in construction of a successful commercial product. In this research, three models of single-wall-carbon-nanotube (SWCNTs) were simulated by NAMD software to assess potential application as an adsorbent. Diazinon entrapping in SWCNTs is the desirable result. Three SWCNT models include: CNT 5,20 (diameter 5 nm, length 20 nm), CNT 10,20 (diameter 10 nm, length 20 nm) and CNT 10,20-SEM (diameter 10 nm, length 20 nm by flowing water and external electrical filed). The CNT 10,20-SEM demonstrated suitable entrapping process and potential ability to apply in industrial filtration.}, keywords = {Diazinon,Molecular Dynamics,Single-Wall-Carbon-Nanotube (SWCNTs),Ultra-nano-filtration}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12914.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12914_5673a7bb8463f9c8e33f9d987c2ebb20.pdf} } @article { author = {I., Hanafy}, title = {Population Fluctuation, Host Preference, Damage And Control Of Western Flower Thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) On Some Vegetable Crops In Egypt.}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {117-128}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12915}, abstract = {Four vegetable host plants,cucumber, Cucumis sativus L; Squash, Cucurbita pepo L; eggplant, Solanum melongena L. and kidney bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L.were cultivated at Namoul village, Toukh district, Qalyoubia Governorate for two successive summer seasons throughout 2014 and 2015 to study the population fluctuation, host preference, damage percentages and control of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis. The obtained results revealed that the occurrence of F. occidentalis was recorded during the whole period of flowering stage from May, 10th to July,5th and the population density was increased and concentrated from the period between May, 24th to June, 28th on all the four tested crops. The population fluctuation of F. occidentalis was differed according to host plant. Two peaks were recorded on squash and kidney bean flowers during the two studied seasons. While, 2&3 peaks were observed on both cucumber and eggplant flowers in both seasons, respectively. Cucumber flowers was infested by significantly highest numbers of F. occidentalis rather than the other three tested crops and considered as the susceptible crop, as the seasonal mean numbers were 8.03 and 7.48 individuals / flower in the two seasons, respectively. On the contrary, kidney bean flowers infested by the significantly lowest numbers of this pest, 1.87 and 3.26 individuals / flower in the two tested seasons, respectively. During the two tested seasons, F. occidentalis caused a significant damage in the flowers of all studied crops. The significantly heaviest damage percentage was recorded on cucumber flowers, being 29.12 and 26.66 % in the two seasons, respectively. While, the lightest damage was determined on kidney bean flowers, showing 6.66 and 11.78% in the two seasons, respectively. Acetamiprid (Mospilan 20% SP) and Thiamethoxam (Actara 25 % WG) gave the significant highest reduction of F. occidentalis infesting cucumber flowers, as the average of their reductions after 14 days of spraying 81.80 and 75.17%, respectively. Carbosulfan (Marshal 20% EC) and Spinosad ( Tracer 24 % SC) gave considerable results in reducing the population density of the thrips ( 68.70 and 67.13% after 14 days, respectively).While, Spinetoram (Radiant 12% SC) gave the significantly lowest reduction after 14 days (60.03%).}, keywords = {Cucumber,Cucumis sativus,squash,Cucurbita pepo,Eggplant,solanum melongena,kidney bean,F. occidentalis,population fluctuation,host preference,damage percentages,chemical control}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12915.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12915_7feb2d84b4f41b83b4f49353a440002b.pdf} } @article { author = {Soliman, Mohamed}, title = {Effect Of Two Control Tactics in The Integrated Pest Management On The Population Of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) ( Lepidoptera : Gelichiidae) In Tomato Fields.}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {129-138}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12916}, abstract = {Seven field trials were cultivated with tomato plants, Lycopersicon escolentum (Var. Alisa), carried out in summer plantation, 2014 in Ismailia and Sharkia governorates. The work was conducted to study the impact of residential and out residential block, number of sex pheromone traps per feddan, height of sex pheromone trap and some insecticides on the population of tomato borer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick). The obtained data showed that population of tomato borer recorded two peaks on April, 12 and May, 17 in the two governorates. Residential block recorded higher number than out residential block in the two governorates. The first peak presented 482 and 452 males/trap/ week and the second one amounted 520 and 198 males/trap/ week in residential and out residential block, respectively in Ismailia governorate. In Sharkia governorate the first peak represented by 479 and 421 males/trap/week and the second one recorded 511 and 178 males/trap/week in residential and out residential block, respectively. Also percentage of infested tomato fruits were higher in residential block than in out residential block presented 32.6 and 27.4 % in residential and 21.75 and 18.7 % in out residential block in Ismailia and Sharkia governorates respectively. Ismailia governorate recorded higher population of tomato borer and percentage of infested tomato fruits than Sharkia governorate and statistical analysis showed significant differences between the two governorates. Regarding height of traps, statistical analysis showed significant differences between 80, 50 and 30 cm height. 80 cm. height of trap upon plant shoot tip recorded the highest  numbers, while 30 cm. recorded the least one in the two governorate. Six pheromone traps/feddan recorded the highest number of captured males and the lowest infested tomato fruits while two pheromone traps per feddan recorded the least numbers of males and the highest of percentage of infested tomato fruits. Methomyl proved to be the most effective insecticide against tomato borer giving mean corrected mortality percentage 88.88 % and 87.53 % after three days (initial) and residual effect, respectively. Acetamiprid gave the least initial effect amounted 58.33 and deltamethrin gave the  least residual effect presented 29.46 %. Methomyl gave the least percentage of infested tomato fruits followed by Spinosad and abamectin while deltamethrin  gave the highest percent of infested fruits. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between tested insecticides and between percentage of infested tomato fruits. The obtained data concluded to cultivate tomato out residential block, used traps at a rate  of  6 traps / feddan on 80 cm height upon shoot tip and spray methomyl and spinosad insecticides six application.}, keywords = {Tuta absoluta,Tomato borer,tomato plants,Lycopersicone scolentum,pheromone traps}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12916.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12916_bc5f5c02e59a5169acdc936f06277c78.pdf} } @article { author = {Hassan, Heba A and Abd El-Bar, Marah}, title = {Strategies to Enhance the Toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis Against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.)}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {139-149}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2015.12917}, abstract = {Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is an aerobic, spore forming bacterium that produces crystal inclusions that contain Insecticidal Crystal Proteins (ICPs) used to control many major pests. ICPs, or Cry proteins, are in the form of protoxins in the crystal. ICPs are solubilized and processed to toxic peptides by gut proteases in insects. Because proteases are important to toxicity, research into interactions of proteases with Bt proteins may lead to improved toxin efficacy. Toxicity of two commercial formulations of Bt was evaluated against 2nd instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis. Dipel DF was more effective than Dipel 2X (LC50 were 0.13 and 0.17, respectively). In addition, rice bran is an agricultural waste which contains protein, fiber and carbohydrate content. It was tested in the laboratory to determine its stimulatory effects on S. littoralis protease. Adding rice bran extract to commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki, (Dipel DF) and / or (Dipel 2X) revealed a potential action with Co-toxicity factor +34.33 and + 21.38, respectively indicating good potential for rice bran extract to enhance B. thuringiensis-based formulations. Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) were also added to both Dipel DF and Dipel DX. Data showed that all tested bio agents and their mixture with different additives induced significant reduction in both pupation percentage and pupal weight (except in case of NaHCO3). The reduction effect was significantly high in Dipel DF with rice bran extract compared with the control. The pupal malformation ranged from 2.82 to 13.33%. Adult malformation resulted from treated 2nd instar larvae showed also varying degrees of deformities as a side effect of bioinsecticide alone and its combination with additives. The biochemical analysis revealed a significant increase in the proteolytic activity in all treated samples and a significant decrease in the activity of trehalase, invertase and amylase, as compared to control group.}, keywords = {Spodoptera littoralis,rice bran,Bacillus thuringiensis,toxicity test- inorganic salts- SDS- protease activity,carbohydrates hydrolyzing enzymes}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12917.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_12917_4c65b317a29da9d4fe9dad111381fc11.pdf} }