2024-03-29T14:21:11Z
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=4595
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
1687-8809
2019
12
1
Comparative Study on the Effect of Insect Infestation by Aphid and Thrips on some Morphological Characteristics of Tulip Flowers under Glasshouse Conditions
Abla
Saad
Experiments were carried out to study the comparison between the effects of insect infestation by the aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulz.) (Homoptera : Aphididae) and thrips, Thrips tabaci Lind.(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on some morphological characteristics of tulip (Tulipa sp. Fam. Liliaceae) flowers under glasshouse conditions at two locations (governorates) Cairo Governorate and Giza Governorate throughout 2017-2018 seasons. Morphological characteristics which studied were: color of the flower, number of the petals per flower, the flower diameter, the weight of the flower, the stem length, vase life and annual production. Results showed that the infestation by aphid and thrips affected all morphological characteristics except the color of the flowers. And the effect of infestation by aphid was more than the effect of infestation by thrips, this is compared to control (tulip flowers which did not infest by the two studied insects). Also, the present study showed that the effect of aphid and thrips infestation concentration on the vascular bundles of the flowers petals, and with the increase in the infestation by the two insects the damage in the vascular bundles increases
Tulip
Myzus persicae
Thrips tabaci
Glasshouses Morphological characteristics
2019
02
01
1
7
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_25086_0c54a31e8749ea73330404331d9bfbcf.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
1687-8809
2019
12
1
Characterization of Qualitative and Quantitative Haemogram Parameters in Insects: Current Concepts and Future Prospects.
Karem
Ghoneim
Since the circulating hemocytes are involved in the key physiological functions in insects, knowledge of these haemocytes is necessary to physiologists, toxicologists and biochemists. The present article was prepared to aim at updating the identification of hemocyte types and discussing different terminological and technical difficulties. It focused, also, on most important quantitative parameters of haemogram and discussed various factors influencing their values. In this review, we described, also the origin of circulating hemocytes during embryonic and the postembryonic development as well as intensively reviewed the categorization of hemocyte types in several insect species of different orders. The controversial terminology and technical difficulties of the hemocyte identification were discussed. It was emphasized that none of the individual methods was satisfactory for all cell types within a given insect but a combination of techniques should be used. The present chapter included only on the major quantitative parameters of haemogram, such as the total haemocyte count (THC), blood volume (BV) and mitotic index. It shed some light on the interrelationship between THC and BV. In addition, the endocrine control of THC and BV had been reported. The interrelationships between BV and osmotic pressure as well as between mitotic index and THC had been discussed. Heartbeat rate was reported to depend on different factors but the control mechanisms for the insect heart are not fully elucidated
Haemolymph
heartbeat
hematology
granulocyte
mitosis
oenocytoid
osmosis
plasmatocyte
prohemocyte
spherulocytes
2019
02
01
9
63
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_25088_92b73437739b3a01a0a92cf1d964af38.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
1687-8809
2019
12
1
Determining Efficacy and Persistence of the Wood Preservative Copper Chrome Arsenate Type C against The Wood Destroying Insects and Treated Wood Durability
Huda
Ali
Salah
Hashim
The wood preservative Copper chrome arsenate (CCA type C) is one of the most common wood preservatives in the world, its effectiveness depends on performance, leach resistance, depth of penetration and persistence within treated wood tissue. The persistence of the preservative copper chrome arsenate typeC within four species of treated wood using full-cell pressure technique (double vacuum and pressure) and fixation of the preservative at 45˚C and 75% R.H was investigated. Bioassay tests were carried out to evaluate the performance of CCA-C treated wood against biological destruction and wood borers infestation using the powder post beetles Lyctus africanus (Lyctidae: Coleoptera).The treated wood samples at a concentration of 3% showed high resistance and durability against L. africanus attack through a period of four years, also the treated wood exposed to leaching process for two weeks showed resistance to L. africanus, which confirms the successful fixation of the CCA within the wood tissue and was not affected by leaching process. For all the tested treated wood species, the samples were free of L. africanus attack and no exit holes were recorded. It was found that, despite the cutting off treated wood blocks and exposing the internal parts (cross-section) of the wood to the beetles to lay eggs, wood is still resistant to beetles’ infestation, which confirms the deepening of the preservative into treated wood, also the penetration depth of the preservative (CCA) inside the wood tissue was measured using Ferro-Cyanide Potassium as a copper reagent. It was observed that, the internal tissue color (cross-section) of the treated wood has been changed to brown as a result of the penetration of copper into the treated wood. According to elemental analysis of the concentration of CCA components within treated wood after 48 months, very large differences among all wood species in retaining of elements were observed. Arsenic is clearly the least stable element in wood tissue. copper was the most affected element by leaching for all wood species. However, the residual CCA level was sufficient enough to prevent attacks and decay by L. africanus. ), Consequently, the full-cell pressure technique with (vacuum 30 in Hg) and the positive pressure of (10 bar) can be considered successful to preserve hardwood species against wood borers attack and maximize the penetration depth of the preservative within wood tissue.
Copper chrome arsenate
wood preservative
persistence
Lyctus africanus
Bioassay
residues
fixation
leaching and penetration
2019
02
01
65
78
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_26281_454aed9dec64811163c4c8f2debe71f5.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
1687-8809
2019
12
1
Effect of Magnetic Ferro- Solution on Some Biological Aspects of Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gel.)
Mervat
Kandil
Ali
Matar
Abd El-Kalik
Hussain
Saadiya
Said
H.
Nenaey
This study investigated the effects of four compounds included Sea- water (compound-1), Sea – water +magnetic + traces of (mixture ) pure ferrous sulphate (FeSo4. 7 H2O) and ferric chloride (Fe cl3. 6H2O) 1:1 (compound-2), Sea – water +magnetic+ full saturation with mixture 1:1(compound-3), and match ( IGR(compound-4), on survival, and reproductive parameters of Pectinophora gossypiella, The results showd that the mortality percentages and fecundity of P. gossypiella were signifcantly afected by all treatments. In females or male , the longevity was decreased when females were exposed to (compound-2 and 3) , while, this period prolongated when treated with Match. The treatments declined significantly the times of adults longevity to 13.3, 10.0, 8.0 and 18.9 days/ female and 9.6, 7.3, 4.3 and 13.0 days / male, respectively, when the adults of P. gossypiella treated with the different compounds of Sea- water, Sea – water +magnetic + traces of mixture 1:1, Sea – water +magnetic+ full saturation with mixture 1:1and match (IGR), respectively, compared to 14.5days/ untreated female and 11.3 days/ untreated males.
At the same times, the total eggs laid /female and hatchability percentages in adults fed on all treatments were highly significantly affected compared with the untreated adults. These data indicated that the high reduction in eggs laid by females was estimated by 68.57 and 60.73 % with Sea – water + magnetic+ full saturation with mixture 1:1 and Sea – water + magnetic+ traces of mixture 1:1, against, followed by 46.3% with IGR compared with control.At the same trend, was noticed in hatchability percentages.
Sea-water
Magnetic
ferrous sulphate and ferric chloride
Pectinophora gossypiella
and survived
fecundity and longevity
2019
02
01
79
88
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_26674_a29b4b0bedf16a8b2416012e1a3df524.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
1687-8809
2019
12
1
Morphometric Comparison Between Different Isolated Populations of Ocnera sparsispina (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in Egypt
SABER
RIAD
The present study aimed to compare morphometric measurements of different populations of Ocnera sparsispina in Egypt. A multivariate comparison of morphometric differences was undertaken by eyepiece micrometer on five different ecogeographical regions from Egypt fall under; Western Mediterranean Coastal Desert, Western Desert Oases, El Faiyum Depression, Nile Delta, and Sinai. Seventeen absolute morphometric characters and 4 ratios for 412 specimens undertaken. Traits best corresponding to the distinction of populations were distinguished by cluster analysis and the linear discriminant analysis. The first and second discriminant scores (score1 and score2) recorded 77.3% and 22.7%, respectively, of the total variation in samples. Multiple discriminant analysis revealed clear morphometric differences between the Ocnera sparsispina populations collected from 5 different ecogeographical regions of Egypt, and they are clustered in two discrete groups
Darkling Beetles
cluster analysis
Linear Discriminant Analysis
Desert Oases
Sinai
Egypt
2019
02
01
89
99
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_26675_4e5d6c549e8dd2d8106fe45621b27a6c.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
1687-8809
2019
12
1
Initial Fungal Infection Reduce the Penetration and Reproduction Rate of Steinernema riobravae in Galleria mellonella
Sanaa
.Ibrahim
Taha
A.
Hend
Salem
This study was carried out to investigate the virulence of both entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema riobravae and entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana against last larval instars of Galleria mellonella. Both pathogens were either applied individually and as a group by inoculation of nematode simultaneously or 2, 4 and 6 days post fungal infection. Moreover, the effect of fungal infection on the nematode’s penetration ability and reproduction potential were also evaluated. The results indicated that by increasing pathogen concentrations the host mortality percentage increased. LC50 values were 12.3 IJs/ larva for S. riobravae and 309.62conidia/ml for B. bassiana. The nematode’s penetration ability was significantly reduced when nematode applied at 2, 4, and 6 days post fungal infection. A significant reduction in infective juveniles production was observed when nematode applied at 2 and 6 days post fungal infection. However, the combination of two pathogens increased the effectiveness of pest control, their development is affected possibly by competition for the host and the understanding of these interactions will make it possible to determine the compatibility of the components of biological control to be used.
Nematode
Steinernema riobravae
fungi
Beauveria bassiana
Galleria mellonella
2019
02
01
101
109
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_26676_87dd0351f13ecbb921976866cd4b2743.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
1687-8809
2019
12
1
Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Some Maggots Methanol Extracts
Ahmed
Hasaballah
Ahmed
Shehata
Amr
Shehab
Insects offer a source of novel natural compounds that may have therapeutic utility in cancer and other diseases. Antioxidant activity of these extracts was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical), and total antioxidant capacity assays. The antioxidant and anticancer effects of the crude extract of maggots namely; Musca domestica, Lucilia sericata and Chrysomya albiceps against the human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2), were investigated. The antioxidant activity of tested extracts revealed that the highest DPPH scavenging activity levels were exhibited by methanolic extractof C. albiceps, followed by those of L. sericata and M. domestica. Also, the highest effect was recorded against human colon carcinoma cell line (Caco-2) with L. sericata maggots methanolic extract, followed by those of C. albiceps and M. domestica at the highest concentration used (25 mg/ml). The IC50 values of tested extracts ranged from 0.27 to 1.91 mg/ml. In conclusion, data suggest that tested extracts possess antioxidant and anticancer properties that may further explored as a potential source for treatment of cancer and other diseases involving oxidative stress.
antioxidant
Anticancer
DPPH
M. domestica
L. sericata
C. albiceps
2019
02
01
111
119
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_26722_34169b6fd81cc81d4fef6afa02f0e819.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
1687-8809
2019
12
1
Application of Wheat Cultivars and Pathogenic Fungus Combination against the Lesser Grain Borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (Col.: Bostrichidae) and the Red Flour Beetle Tribolium castaneum (Col.: Tenebrionidae)
Maryam
Rashki
Saideh
Ghayeb
Lotfi
S.
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of two wheat cultivars (the Sirvan and Mihan) on the interaction between Beauveria bassiana strain EUT116, Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum at 25± 1°C, 85±5% RH and darkness. The results of bioassay by submersion method showed that the lethal concentrations and times of the fungus were significantly different between the Sirvan and Mihan. The mortality of R. dominica was significantly lower on the Mihan infected with a dose rate of 1 g/kg than the Sirvan. The mortality of Rhyzopertha dominica was remarkably higher for the adults exposed to the dose rate of 1 g/kg than the adults exposed to 0.25 g/kg. The mortality of Tribolium castaneum was remarkably higher for the adults were exposed to the dose rate of 1 g/kg than the adults were exposed to 0.25 g/kg. The highest mortality occurred for R. dominica infected with 1 g of B. bassiana per kg of the Sirvan. The pathogenicity of dose rate 1 g/kg on the Sirvan was higher against R. dominica than T. castaneum. The 0.25 g of B. bassiana per kg of the Mihan differentially caused higher mortality on R. dominica than T. castaneum. It seems that planting the Sirvan cultivar in the field can be more helpful to decrease the population of stored grain beetles rather than the Mihan in post-harvest conditions. According to our results, B. bassiana strain EUT116 was a promising candidate as a biocontrol agent to suppress the storage grain beetles, especially, R. dominica.
Beauveria bassiana
Wheat cultivars
Rhyzopertha dominica
Tribolium castaneum
2019
02
01
121
130
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_26723_c0d3450c6fdc192126a5aa1edbe7a809.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
1687-8809
2019
12
1
Ecological and Behavioral Studies of Mosquito Vectors in Monufia, Nile Delta, Egypt.
Abdelbaset
Zayed
Walaa
Moselhy
Randa
Eltaly
Continuous monitoring of vector species composition, abundance, dynamics, biting and resting habits is the base to determine the local vector species that affect disease transmission patterns and consequently the choice of cost-effective vector control options. For targeting that, adult mosquito surveys were conducted in Monufia as a representative of the Egyptian governorates in Nile-Delta (Spring 2016– Winter 2018). Totally, 4 species were reported in the selected villages: Culex (Culex) pipiens Linnaeus, Cx. (Cx.) perexiguus Theobald, Cx. (Cx.) antennatus Becker and Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) caspius Pallas. Culex pipiens was the predominant species in all study regions. For each species, the following were examined: the relation of adult indoor and outdoor density with temperature and relative humidity as well as its indoor and outdoor resting density and its relation with temperature and relative humidity, determination of the endophagic and exophagic indices for mosquito biting reference and the seasonal changes in parity status.
Culicine mosquitoes-indoor and outdoor collection set
Seasonal variation- resting behavior- Monufia Governorate-Egypt- parity
2019
02
01
131
144
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_27330_da85e13e67ae6139933454a336e6a489.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
1687-8809
2019
12
1
Some Ecological Aspects on the Mango Shield Scale, Milviscutulus mangiferae (GREEN), (Hemiptera: Coccidae) ON Laurus nobilis L. Trees at Giza, Egypt
Abbas
E.
Mohamed
H.
Helmi
A.
Abd- Elhamed
A.
Tharwat
A.
Studies on some ecological aspects of Milviscutulus mangiferae (Green) and its associated parasitoid on Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae) trees were carried out atOrman botanical garden, Giza Governorate, during two successive years 2016-2017 and 2017-2018. Results revealed that total alive stages had four main peaks of high activity on Laurus nobilis and it passed throughout three generations per year. The first generation with duration 3.5 months during two years. The second generation with duration of 5& 4.5 months for the two years, respectively. The third generation with duration of 3.5&4months for two successive years, respectively. Coccophagus scutellaris (Dalman)( Hymenoptera : Aphelinidae) was recorded as a parasitoid associated with M. mangiferae . The high activity of the two years of study recorded on (mid-October, 1st December, 1st June and the highest one was in 1st August) and (mid-October, mid- December, mid-April and mid-July).The total effects of seven abiotic factors; Max., Mean, Min., Temp. °C, RH%, Wind, Dew point(°C), solar radiation, and (biotic factor) parasitism % on the mean numbers of alive stages during the two years were74.18% and 80.55%, respectively.
Ecology
Milviscutulus mangiferae
parasitoid
Laurus nobilis
Egypt
2019
02
01
145
152
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_28028_bb2283a42bea6c5028b869beb2622249.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
1687-8809
2019
12
1
Cytogenetic and Meiotic Studies Reveal Conservatism in Acrida turrita (Linnaeus 1758) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from Lagos, Nigeria
Adekoya
O.
Fakorede
T.
Okoro
N.
Akpan
U.
The Acrididae exhibits a stable karyotypic uniformity or conservatism and are a typical specimen for cytological and meiotic investigations. Despite the diversity and cytotaxonomic value of this family, however there are only a few studies on their karyology. This paper is therefore aimed at describing the karyotype and meiotic behaviours of chromosomes of Acrida turrita from Nigeria, West Africa. Ten (10) male A. turrita grasshoppers were randomly collected from different locations in the University of Lagos community between May and June, 2018. Their chromosome smears were prepared using the lacto-propionic orcein squash technique. The prepared slides were viewed under 100X oil immersion objectives. The study revealed conserved 23 acrocentric chromosomes (2n = 23) in all 10 male specimens as reported by previous studies. We also found out that the 11 autosomes are made up of ten Large, three Medium and three Small chromosomes and the X chromosome is Medium in size. No chromosomal aberrations were observed in the meiotic stages as all chromosomes chiasmate. Mean chiasma frequency was found out to be 131.700. Total chromosome length ranges from 2.300.374 µm to 12.200.126 µm in chromosomes 1 and 11, respectively.
meiosis
Chiasmata
Karyotype
Acrida turrita
Nigeria
2019
02
01
153
161
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_28309_44a2f9121d478a82f0ca51ca02125605.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
1687-8809
2019
12
1
Analysis of Risks in Honeybee Production Farms in Nigeria: A Boost to Food Security
Oladimeji
U.
Hassan
A.
Egwuma
H.
Sani
A.
Galadima
A.
Ajao
M.
This paper focuses on achieving sustainable food security through analysis of risk in honeybee production farms and determines the risk behaviour of bee farmers in kebbi and kwara states of Nigeria. Primary data were obtained using structured questionnaires and interview. A multi-stage random sampling procedure was employed for selecting 148 respondents comprising 102 traditional bee farmers and 46 modern bee farmers. Descriptive statistics: mean, percentage, standard deviation, the coefficient of variation and, safety model was used to determine the risk attitude coefficient of bee farmers. The conditional distribution of the honey harvest probabilities per ha for a food secure and insecure was plotted against the poverty index using normal kernel cumulative density. Result revealed that risks in apiculture are related to socio-economic and production characteristics. The bulk of traditional bee farmers (57.8%) is categorized as risk neutral while the majority of modern bee farmers (67.4%) belong to risk preferring (with an index of 1.52). The results revealed that the set of significant explanatory variables and their sign vary across the traditional and modern groups. The coefficient for marital status, bee farming experience and family labour were statistically significant for traditional bee farmers. While education, investment, family labour and hired labour were statistically significant for modern bee farmers. Bee farmers are encouraged to form cooperative society and if already existing should liaise with relevant agencies such as the ministry of agriculture and agricultural insurance companies for training, workshops and seminars on the capacity to handle risk-taking into cognizance their socioeconomic and institutional traits.
Cooperative society
Honeybee
investment
Risk
2019
02
01
163
176
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_29075_077d9aa4aa14413545f67344a88dfb66.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
1687-8809
2019
12
1
Assessment of the Inhibitory Impact of Novaluron, A Recent Insect Growth Regulator, on the Reproductive Potential of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
Basiouny
A.
Waheeb
H.
The Egyptian cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis is one of the destructive pests of field crops in the tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The objective of the present study was to assess the impact of Novaluron on the reproductive potential of this pest. A series of concentrations (1.0, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001 & 0.0001ppm) was prepared and applied on the freshly molted penultimate instar larvae. Another series (0.1, 0.01, 0.001 & 0.0001 ppm) was prepared and applied on the newly molted last (6th) instar larvae. The results can be summarized as follows. The tested compound exhibited a predominantly inhibitory effect on the oviposition efficiency, regardless the concentration and time of larval treatment. Both fecundity and fertility had been drastically reduced, in a dose-dependent course, regardless the time of treatment. Irrespective of the concentration and time of treatment, Novaluron halted the embryonic development, since the incubation period of eggs was remarkably prolonged. In light of the present results, Novaluron acts as an antigonadotropic compound in S. littoralis.
antigonadotropic
Embryonic development
fecundity
fertility
incubation
oviposition
2019
02
01
177
189
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_29723_d5e6b8d51b31e5307889f6ff405c677b.pdf