@article { author = {Bakr, Reda and Genidy, Noha and Gesraha, M. and Farag, N. and Elbehery, Hoda}, title = {Biological study of the coccinellid predator, Stethorus punctillum under different constant temperatures}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {1-7}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15447}, abstract = {The ladybeetle, Stethorus punctillum Wiese (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera), is one of the common predators for the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Koch.). When this predator was reared under different constant temperatures (15, 25 and 35°C), the duration of all stages decreased with increasing temperature. The optimum rearing temperature for this predator under laboratory conditions was found to be 25°C. When the predator feed on alternative food source we found that no oviposition was recorded on any alternative foods, therefore, no eggs were deposited. There were difference in adult S. punctillum longevity associated with different alternative food they feed, the longest period recorded was 12.70 days when the predator feed on a mixture of honey droplets, pollen grains and royal jelly. The shortest periods recorded was 3.75 days when the predator was starved or 3.90 days when feed on aphid.  }, keywords = {Ladybeetle,Stethorus punctillum,Tetranychus urticae,biology}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15447.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15447_0f42beede7654fa12105ea019d0e85f9.pdf} } @article { author = {Fahmy, Adel and Samy, Abdalla and Doha, Said and Shehata, Magdi}, title = {Preliminary field investigations on Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from a recent cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in Northern-Sinai, Egypt}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {9-5}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15448}, abstract = {Species composition, sex ratio and nocturnal activity of sandflies were studied in El Barth, a recent focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in North Sinai, Egypt.  CDC light traps and sticky paper traps were used for insect collection. Two species of sandflies were identified; Phlebotomus papatasi and P. sergenti. P. papatasi constituted more than 82 % of the collected sandflies in the surveyed sites. Number of caught P. papatasi females was almost double that of males, however, it was slightly male biased in case of P. sergenti. Both sandfly species exhibited nocturnal activity and peaked at 24:00-2:00. This study might be a step towards a better understanding of vector population dynamics in this recent focus of CL.  Using the results of this study, health workers in this area can better manage control and prevention tactics of cutaneous leishmaniasis.}, keywords = {Northern Sinai,P. papatasi,P. sergenti,sex ratio,nocturnal activity}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15448.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15448_c8a30d9021fbd279e52e04b32ba88d4b.pdf} } @article { author = {Bakr, Reda and Gesraha, M. and Genidy, Noha and Farag, N. and Elbehery, Hoda}, title = {Food consumption of the coccinellid predator, Stethorus punctillum reared on the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae under different constant temperatures}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {17-22}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15449}, abstract = {Food consumption of the predator, Stethorus punctillum Wiese reared on immature and mature stages of the prey, Tetranychus urticae (Koch) was studied under laboratory conditions at three different constant temperatures (15, 25 and 35ºC). The larval instars consumed more immature prey individuals at 15ºC, followed by            35 ºC then 25ºC. Adult males of the predator consumed more individuals of immature preys at 35ºC, followed by 25 ºC then at 15ºC, while the predator females relatively consumed more prey individuals than the males, at the same temperatures.             When the larvae of the predator reared on mature stages of the prey, they consumed more prey individuals at 15ºC, followed by 25ºC then at 35ºC. The adult males and females of the predator consumed almost the same numbers of the prey individuals. They consumed the highest number of preys at 35ºC, followed by 25ºC, while the lowest consumed number was recorded at 15ºC.}, keywords = {Stethorus punctillum Wiese,Tetranychus urticae (Koch),food consumption,temperatures}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15449.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15449_8b7b46526fd84b88a08c2acd2f5d4050.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Barkey, Nehad and Amer, A. and Kandeel, Mervet}, title = {Ovicidal Activity and Biological Effects of Radiant and Hexaflumuron Against Eggs of Pink Bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {23-36}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15450}, abstract = {Underthe laboratory conditions, toxicological evaluation of two compounds, RadiantSC 12% and Hexaflumuron (IGR) EC 10% against eggs of Pectinophoragossypiella (Saund.) and biological effect of these compounds on larvae,pupae and adult emergence resulted from treated eggs was also studied. Theresults revealed that LC50s were 3.15, 0.811and 0.522 ppm., whenone, two and prehatching days old eggs, respectively were treated with Radiant,while LC50s were 3.754, 2.863 and 2.004 ppm, respectively forHexaflumuron. The obtained results show a prolongation in larval and pupaldevelopments resulted from treated eggs by Radiant, estimated by 20.8, 18.5 and8.2 days, respectively for larvae and 8.9, 8.8 and 7.9 days for pupae. In caseof Hexaflumuron, duration were 22.3, 20.6 and 20.4 days, respectively forlarvae after egg treated and 10.8,10.0 and 11.3 days, respectively  for pupae. In contrast, in adult stage, theresults indicated high reduction in total eggs laid, percentage of hatchabilityand longevity.}, keywords = {Radiant SC12%,Hexaflunuron EC 10%,Pectinophora gossypiella}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15450.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15450_00c54d403cad72c4369e4c753f1478cb.pdf} } @article { author = {Radwan, Wafaa and Helmy, Nadia and Guneidy, Noha and Mohammed, Shimaa}, title = {Effect of the juvenile hormone analogue (Admiral) on viability of eggs and postembryonic development of the soft tick Argas persicus (Oken)}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {37-45}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15451}, abstract = {Treatment of one day old females (previtellogenic) of A. persicus with JHA (Admiral) showed a significant effect on viability of deposited eggs and on total mortality of post-embryonic stages. On the other hand, treatment of 3-days old females (vitellogenic) and 7-days old females (post-vitellogenic and ovulation) of A. persicus exhibited a highly significant effect on viability of eggs and on total mortality of post-embryonic stages (especially larval and younger nymphal instars).             The topical application of JHA (Admiral) in different doses to newly laid eggs        (0-1 h POP) of A. persicus has a highly significant effect on the development of treated eggs.  This was also true in case of dipping of egg masses in solution containing different doses of Admiral for 1 minute.  This effect increased by increasing the dose of the hormonal material.}, keywords = {Argas persicus,Juvenile hormone analogue,viability of eggs,Postembryonic development}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15451.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15451_1eb8e127e14d26bd822bcd28bf16d5a5.pdf} } @article { author = {A., Monzer and Srour, Hesham}, title = {Desiccation intolerance of the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (oliv) adults in relation to their cuticular hydrocarbons}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {47-53}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15452}, abstract = {Thedesiccation tolerance of red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineuswas investigated in the laboratory. Adults exposed to 35 or 75% relativehumidity showed high rate of water loss. Water loss rate averaged 2.32 ± 0.35and 6.71 ± 0.73 mg /g fresh body weight/hr at 35 or 75% RH, respectively, andcumulative loss increased with time. Adults exposed to 35% RH died within amaximum of 4 days. Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) were isolated and identifiedfrom adults to elucidate the physiological basis of their intolerance todesiccation. They were dominated by saturated n-alkanes (75%), while the estercompound 1-henicosyl formate, the fatty alcohol 3-(E) eicosanol and the alkene tricosenerepresented 25% of total surface CHCs. The desecration intolerance of weevilswas attributed to the presence of relatively high proportion of 1-henicosylformate (17.5%) which could form large pores within the waxy waterproofed CHCs layerof weevils}, keywords = {Desiccation,Red palm weevil,cuticular hydrocarbons}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15452.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15452_9ee13ed29ec32c160a53ea516bb76a77.pdf} } @article { author = {El -Zoghby, ِAmal and Ali, Fatma and A., Abo Bakr and H., Mahgoub}, title = {Effect of feeding by two Neochetina species or infestation with Tetranychus urticae Koch on histological structure of water hyacinth leaves}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {55-61}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15453}, abstract = {Bothweevils, Neochetina bruchi (Hustache) and Neochetina eichhorniae Warnerfeed on water hyacinth plants as a biocontrol agents. Tetranychus urticaeKoch infested the plants grown under light and thermostatic controlled aquaticweed green house, and caused repellency of the weevils. Studying somehistological structure, of water hyacinth leaves infested with mites, showed increaseof the thickness of upper epidermis, number of palisade cell and thickness ofleaf petiole, compared with the control and leaves infested with weevils whichrecorded decrease in the thickness of leaf petiole and increase in lowerpalisade tissue. The mites infested plants lost chlorophyll, turned brownishand lost size of vacuoles or air chambers used to store the oxygen. The volumeof these vacuoles was very small in case of mite infested plants compared withleaves infested with weevils as the same as control. The weevils feeding reflectedin increase in both, length and width of fed upon leaves.         }, keywords = {Water hyacinth,Histological,Neochetina bruchi,Neochetina eichhorniae,Tetranychus urticae,Egypt}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15453.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15453_955388401a7fa8814b49eacafbab35d7.pdf} } @article { author = {Adham, Fatma and Rashad, Eman and Shoukry, Ibrahim and Nasr, Enas}, title = {Host plants shifting affects the biology and biochemistry of spodoptera littoralis (boisd.) (lepidoptera: noctuidae)}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {63-71}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15454}, abstract = {The effect of shifting Spodoptera littoralis larvae from a host plant to another pointed out that pupal weight, growth index, female longevity and fecundity were affected. Host plants considered were okra, tomato and castor oil plants. Larvae were reared for three successive generations under laboratory conditions (25-30˚C, 70%R.H. and 12D:12L) on each of the three chosen plants, and then shifted to each of the other two hosts.             Larvae reared continuously on castor oil leaves, okra and tomato leaves then shifted to either one of the other plants induced a highly significant decrease in the mean pupal weight. Shifting from the favourable host (castor oil leaves) to either okra or tomato leaves, highly significantly decrease the growth rate and the mean number of eggs deposited by the female. Shifting from castor oil leaves to either okra or tomato induced insignificant increase in the female longevity. Phytochemical analysis showed that, castor oil leaves, possess a high value of total carbohydrates, total proteins and nitrogen meanwhile the phenolic compounds were present at a low value level. Biochemical analysis showed that both essential and non essential amino acid were higher in the hemolymph of the last larval instars of S. littoralis reared on castor oil leaves. A noticeable decrement was detected in the amino acid level of larvae fed on okra leaves followed by more decrement in larvae fed on tomato leaves.}, keywords = {Spodopter littoralis –Host plants – Fecundity – Hemolymph – Amino acid,Phytochemical analysis}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15454.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15454_8c8c1d0d77d730387e8a7f946faa0bde.pdf} } @article { author = {Msebah, Ahmed and El-Husseini, Monir}, title = {Effect of weed borders on insect pests and their associated predators on sugar beet and cotton plant fields}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {73-80}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15455}, abstract = {            The study of the relationship between the important insect pests and their related predators on weeds border of the sugar beet and cotton fields was carried out at Kafr El-Sheikh region during two successive seasons, 2005/2006 and 2006/2007. Seven insect species, four insect pests and three predators were recorded on both weeds border and sugar beet plants, while eleven insect species occurred on cotton plants, seven insect pests and four predators. The most dominant predators were Scymnus spp., Coccinella undecimpunctata and Paederus alfierii. Significant correlation was found between Scymnus spp. on weeds and jassids on sugar beet and cotton. There was significant correlation between Scymnus spp. on weeds and on cotton plants (r = 0.502). Signficant correlation was recorded between Scymnus spp. on weeds and aphids on sugar beet (r = 0.598). On cotton plants, 97% of Scymnus spp. were larvae, while 100% of Scymnus spp. on weeds border were adults. There were relationship between the C. undecimpunctata and P. alfierii predators and Oxycarenus hyalinipennis pest on weeds border (0.791) and on cotton plants (0.522*). Highly significant correlation was recorded between O. hyalinipennis on weeds border and the on cotton plants (r=0.676**) in the second season. The weeds border served as dwelling of the predators especially in winter. Scymnus spp. was common predators on Bermod grass (Cynodon dactylon). When the predator numbers began to decrease on weeds border began to increase on plant crops by third week of May.}, keywords = {weeds border,beneficial insects,Scymnus spp,Cotton,Sugar beet}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15455.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15455_968fa563255e7e779d8df89cbe5e3bc3.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El-Gawad, Hany and El-Zoghbey, Amal}, title = {Use the Coccinella undecimpunctata L. for controlling Aphis gossypii Glover and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) on cucumber in Egypt}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {83-87}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15456}, abstract = { Three rates of Coccinella undecimpunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) stages release in cucumber field for controlling Aphis gossypii Glover and Myzus persicae (Sulzer)(Hemiptera: Aphididae) was repeated 4 times at 15-day intervals. The tested rates were 12000 predator larvae/ feddan/releases,6000 predator adults/feddan/releases and combinationof 6000 larvae and 3000 adults/feddan/releases. The releases were conducted during 2007 and 2008 at a location in Qalubia Governorate. This release indicated the potential use of this predator to control the targeted aphis on cucumber. Reduction in aphids' populations and subsequent yields were significant. Highest reduction and yield gain was observed when combinationlarvae and adults were released.}, keywords = {Coccinella undecimpunctata,Aphis gossypii,Egypt}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15456.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15456_db34fe6f41a9a46ff559eec7f3aaf0ae.pdf} } @article { author = {Khalaf, Abdel Fattah and Hussein, Karam and Shoukry, Khater}, title = {Biocidal Activity of two botanical volatile oils against the larvae of Synthesiomyia nudiseta (Wulp) (Diptera: Muscidae)}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {89-101}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15496}, abstract = {            The volatile oils of golden pillar, Cupressus macrocarpa and galangal, Alpinia officinarum were extracted and their constituents were identified. Alpha pinene and trans-caryophyllene were the major isolated constituents of C.  macrocarpa oil, and 1,8 cineole and 4-terpeniol were the major compounds of A.  officinarum oil. The present study revealed that the botanical volatile oils used, had morphogenic effects against S. nudiseta stages. Theseincludelarval-pupal intermediates, pupal-adult intermediates, deformed adults with crumpled wings and/ or deformed thorax and abdomen. Also some adults couldn't emerge and remained in their puparia. The histological effects induced by oils treatment in the body wall were represented by degeneration and detachment of hypodermis and dissolving of the exocuticle in some regions. The histopathological effects that appeared in the midgut were shrinkage in some epithelial cells and swelling of other cells.  }, keywords = {Biocidal,Botanical,Synthesiomyia nudiseta}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15496.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15496_2188902e697fc0a7b26d714bd7e2551b.pdf} } @article { author = {Dahi, Hassan and El-Sayed, Yasser and El-Barkey, Nehad and Abd-El Aziz, Mona}, title = {Toxicological and biochemical studies of Methylamine Avermactin, a new type of bioinsecticide against the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Biosd).}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {103-116}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15500}, abstract = {            Larvicidal efficacy of a new semi-synthetic avermectin derivative Methylamine avermectin (Radical 0.5% EC) was determined against larval instars of the Egyptian cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Biosd.) in the laboratory, field and semi field experiments.  2nd and 4th instar larvae showed greatest susceptibility to the Radical in the laboratory experiment. The LC50s values of the 2nd and 4th larval instar after 48 hours were 0.005 and 0.008 ppm, respectively. Radical was tested with recommended dosage (200 ml / 100 liter water) in field; it caused 84.6% reduction of pest population up to day 8 post-treatment. On the other hand, the semi field application of the same recommended dose on the 2nd instar larvae showed general mean 73.6% mortality, 7 days after post-treatment. Also, some biochemical changed in the 4th instar larvae after 48 hours of treatment with tested bioinsecticide were measured. It’s clear from the results that activities of trehalase, invertase and acetylcholine esterase were increased in all treatments. Tested bioinsecticide reduced the activity of alkaline phosphatase at all doses compared to untreated larvae. No significant changes in acid-phosphataseactivities were observed at all treatment doses. On studying the effect of esterases isozymes patterns, there were no differences in number and position of esterases isozymes between untreated and treated larvae in the whole larval body tissues although each band different in its concentration. The toxicity of the formulation to some beneficial predators was also evaluated in the field. There was no detectable effect of these bioinsecticide on naturally occurring beneficial species.}, keywords = {Methylamine Avermactin,Bioinsecticide,Spodoptera littoralis,Enzyme,Predators}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15500.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15500_5791bd5756aff517cce4871de848942e.pdf} } @article { author = {Dahi, Hassan and Ibrahem, Walaa and Ali, Mohsen}, title = {Heat Requirements for the Development of the Black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hüfnagel) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera)}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {117-124}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15502}, abstract = {The present investigation aimed to study the effect of three constant temperatures (20, 25, and 30°C) on the development of the black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hüfnagel). The incubation period, larval duration, pupal duration, pre-oviposition period and duration of generation were estimated. The time required for development was decreased as the temperature increased from 20 to30 °C. The lower threshold temperatures (t0) was 11.49°C for eggs, 10.63 °C for larvae, 9.83 °C for pupae, 11.06 °C for pre-oviposition period and 10.53 °C for generation. The average thermal requirements needed for completing the development were 51.3, 303.5, 183.5, 38.1 and 575.3 degree-days for eggs, larvae, pupae, pre-oviposition period and generation, respectively.}, keywords = {Agrotis ipsilon – Heat Requirements – Degree Days,Lower threshold (t0),prediction}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15502.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15502_33a378943500a29f05ec2aede072e569.pdf} } @article { author = {Adham, Fatma and Gabre, Refaat and Ibrahim, Ibrahim}, title = {Some aquatic insects and invertebrates as bioindicators for the evaluation of bacteriological pollution in El-Zomor and El-Mariotya canals, Giza, Egypt}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {125-131}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15506}, abstract = {Some aquatic insects and invertebrates were used for monitoring the effect of bacteriological pollution upon water quality during two years (October, 2001- August, 2003) at six sampling sites situated at El-Zomor and El-Mariotya canals (branches from the River Nile), Giza Governorate, Egypt. Results obtained revealed that 5 species of bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus faecium & Proteus mirabilis) were detected from water samples. K. pneumonia, S. faecium and P. mirabilis were not detected at IIIZ site and; S. faecium was not detected at IIZ sampling site. Meanwhile only two species (E. coli & E. faecalis) were detected in all El-Mariotya canal sampling sites. E. coli & E. faecalis showed high bacterial counts during summer months. The bacterial species isolated from aquatic insects belong to different orders mainly Diptera; Ephemeroptera and Odonata; however, there is no isolation of bacteria from aquatic invertebrate belonging to orders Cladocera & Cyclopoida. The 5 bacterial species that were detected in the water samples were isolated from the collected aquatic insects at IZ sampling site, while at IIZ sampling site 4 species (E. coli, K. pneumonia, E. faecalis & P. mirabilis) and only two species (E. coli & E. faecalis) at IIIZ sampling site. However, only 2 species of bacteria (E. coli & E. faecalis) were isolated from ElMariotya canal. It is clear that some aquatic stages of Diptera, Ephemeroptera and Odonata could be selected as bioindicator of water bacterial pollution.}, keywords = {freshwater,Bioindicators,Bacteria – Pollution}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15506.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15506_19c6098f1ebce875710778c65c86529f.pdf} } @article { author = {Mostafa, Zahia and Mohamed, Sondos and Rashad, Eman}, title = {Embryonic and post-emergence changes of acid and alkaline phosphatases in the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.)}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {133-141}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15509}, abstract = {The acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were studied in the developing egg of the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis at different time intervals (ages, 0 - 72 h). The activities of these enzymes were also studied in aging ovary and testis of post-emerged adult at the same intervals (ages, 0 – 72 h). The post-emerged adults were grouped into mated and non-mated females and males. Acid phosphatase activity was noticed to be cyclic with the embryonic development and was higher than that of alkaline phosphatase. Alkaline phosphatase activity was slightly increased in the freshly laid eggs but decreased more sharply than acid phosphatase during embryonic development. In all groups of post-emerged adults, acid phosphatase activities were much greater than those of the alkaline phosphatase at any given stage of progressively increasing age. Acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were also noticed to be cyclic in the post-emerged mated and non-mated adults. A conspicuous difference was noted between the activities of these enzymes in ovaries and testes of mated and non-mated adults. This phenomenon could be due to the periods of spermatozoa production in the testes and yolk accumulation in oocytes and ovulation. Mating could be also a factor that affected the phosphatases in both males and females.}, keywords = {Spodoptera littoralis,acid phosphatase,alkaline phosphatase,Spectrophotometer,Eggs,ovaries,testes}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15509.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15509_5c444dd4fd00ce71935d9cea28e21ebb.pdf} } @article { author = {AL-Shinnawy, Mohammed}, title = {Physiological effect of a food additive on some haematological and biochemical parameters of male albino rats}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {143-151}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15511}, abstract = {           Food additives are used for various purposes, including preservation, colouring and sweetening. Some food additives, however, have been prohibited from use because of their toxicity. Azo dyes are one of these food additives which widely used as colorants in foods. The extent of such use is related to the degree of industrialization of the society. Approximately 1-5× 105 pounds of the dye amaranth were used each year in over 60countries.            The present study aimed to investigate the possible influence impacts of amaranth (red dye) on some hematological and biochemical parameters of male albino rat, Rattus norvegicus . So, sixty adult male rats weighing 100-110gm. were divided into 3groups, the first one served as a control, the second received 25mg/kg of amaranth and the third group was treated with 75mg/kg of amaranth. Rats were treated orally for 30days followed a recovery for another 30days.            The obtained data reveal a marked decrease in the percentage of body weight gain, red blood cells (R.B.Cs) counts, Hemoglobin (Hb) content, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), serum total lipids and serum total cholesterol of rats treated with the high dose of amaranth. On the other hand, a noticeable increase in hematocrit (Hct) value, Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), activities of Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) , alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase  (ALP), glucose level, serum total protein and globulin were found in rats treated with the high dose of amaranth. In general, there was appreciable improvement after the recovery period.}, keywords = {food additives,amaranth,Hematological and Biochemical Parameters,albino rat,serum}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15511.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15511_8fc858654c2553831309c18c3be6102f.pdf} } @article { author = {Elshater, Abd-Elraheem and Salman, Muhammad and Moussa, Mahrous}, title = {Effect of Ginger Extract Consumption on levels of blood Glucose, Lipid Profile and Kidney Functions in Alloxan Induced-Diabetic Rats.}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {153-162}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15515}, abstract = {In recent years, ginger has become a subject ofinterest because of its beneficial effects on human health. The purpose of thepresent study was to investigate the effects of daily oral administration of gingerextract for 6 weeks on plasma glucose, lipid profile and kidney functions inalloxan-induced diabetic rats to show the ameliorating and partly curativeeffects in alloxan induced-diabetic rats (150 mg/kg i.p.(Intrapretonial). Rats (130-150gm)were divided into 4 groups; normal control rats, diabetic control rats,diabetic rats post-treated with ginger and diabetic rats pretreated with ginger.Ginger extract was administered orally for 6 weeks to post-treated and pre-treatedrats, and they were compared with the normal and diabetic groups, respectively.Plasma glucose was reduced significantly in both post-treated and pre-treatedgroups. The post-treatment with ginger extract reduced plasma cholesterol,triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol, but during the pre-treatment with gingerextract produced insignificant change only in plasma triglyceride level. The plasmaHDL-cholesterol was significantly increased in post-treated and pre-treatedgroups. The plasma creatinine, urea and uric acid levels were significantly reducedin post-treated group; also in pre-treated group, they were reduced but urealevel statistically did not change. It is concluded that the consumption of gingerproduced a significant hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats. In addition, gingeris capable of improving hyperlipidemia and the impaired kidney functions in alloxan-induceddiabetic rats}, keywords = {Ginger,Kidney function,glucose,plasma,lipids,alloxan,Rats,diabetic}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15515.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15515_961db07278f35a7db4eb5039fb17139e.pdf} } @article { author = {Khalil, Mohamed and Abo-zeid, Nadia}, title = {Molecular mechanism of chromium (VI) Induced Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in L929 Mouse Fibroblasts}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {177-188}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15518}, abstract = {Several methods were used to investigate the mode of death of L929 mouse fibroblast cells in cultures treated with different concentrations of sodium Chromate. Drastic morphological alterations were showed; the cells have grown chaotic, lost their alignment and adherence to the dish surface, consequently they appeared almost round. The nuclei became bigger, later on fragmented into multi nuclei as indication to apoptosis. Chromate inhibited the proliferation of L929 cells and led to the increase of free nucleosomes in the cell cytoplasm. The exposure of cells to Chromate for 24 and 48 hrs. led to the accumulation of the cells in G2 /M. the ratios were 66.5 and 84 % after 24 and 48 hrs. respectively. The cells in S phase remained unaffected for 24 hrs. and then extensively fall down, may be due to the induction of apoptosis. It was observed that a dose-dependent increase in caspase 3 and caspase 8 activities due to treatment with Chromate. These data are expressed as the fold increase in caspases activities as compared with the control. Gel electrophoresis of DNA extracted from cells treated with Chromate for 48 h revealed the discontinuous “ladder" pattern of degradation. Such patterns of DNA degradation generally serve as a marker of apoptosis and indicate a preferential hydrolysis of DNA at the internucleosomal linker regions. The conclusion of cytometric, microscopic, and biochemical data reported in this study fully supported that Cr (VI) induces genotoxic and cytotoxic effects including structural and functional DNA damage.}, keywords = {apoptosis,Apoptotic ladder,Caspases- oxidative stress-in vitro-in vivo- superoxide anion - hydroxyl radicals - MTT assay - DNA damage - cell cycle analysis}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15518.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15518_b5de5af18ff5e8d8d647b67fd97d912a.pdf} } @article { author = {Abo-zeid, Nadia and . Khalil, Mohamed}, title = {Histological and Ultrastructural studies on the kidneys of albino rat under the effect of tiaprofenic acid and the possibility of recovery after stoppage of the drug}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {189-206}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15614}, abstract = {The present study was performed to evaluated the pathological effects of tiaprofenic acid (surgam) on the kidneys of adult male albino rat and the possibility of recovery after stoppage of the drug administration. 40 male albino rats divided into 4 equal groups were used in this study. Group I: (the control group) the animals were intramuscularly injected with 0.5 ml physiological saline solution. Group II, the animals were intramuscularly injected with the therapeutic dose of tiaprofenic acid (TA) (18 mg/kg b.w.) every 12 hours for 2 weeks. Group III, the animals were intramuscularly injected with double the therapeutic dose of (TA) (36 mg/kg b.w.) every 12 hours for 2 weeks. Group IV, the animals were intramuscularly injected with double the therapeutic dose of (TA) (36 mg/kg b.w.) every 12 hours for 2 weeks and then left without treatment for 4 weeks for the possibility of recovery. Animals of groups I,II,III were sacrificed 24 hours after the last dose, while animals of group IV were sacrificed 4 weeks after the last dose, and the kidney samples were obtained and processed for histological and ultrastructural examinations. Histological changes in the rat kidney induced by tiaprofenic acid (TA) included hypertrophied glomeruli, swelling of the parietal epithelial cells, proliferation of the mesangial cells, and narrowing of the urinary spaces. Moreover, the cells of the proximal and distal convoluted tubules showed marked cloudy swelling with hypertrophied nuclei ; some displayed signs of pyknosis and karyolysis. Many inflammatory cells invading the intertubular spaces were also seen.Ultrastructural observations revealed swollen of the parietal epithelial cells of Bowman’s capsules , narrow urinary spaces, focal fusion of the visceral epithelial cells, thickened glomerular basement membrane and dilated glomerular capillaries with the prescence of amorphous materials as well as blood cells in the capillaries lumina. The proximal convoluted tubules showed erosion of the microvilli constituting the brush borders, with cell debris or cast in the lumina of the tubules; besides, degenerated mitochondria and lysosomes, fragmented rough endoplasmic reticulum and destruction of the basal infoldings were observed. The epithelial cells of the distal convoluted tubules manifested marked loss of some basal infoldings as well as degenerated mitochondria, and destructed endoplasmic reticulum. However, in the recovery group there was marked improvment in the kidney tissues which appeared more or less normal.}, keywords = {Tiaprofenic acid,Rat kidney,histology,Ultrastructure}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15614.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15614_36524d0482b6f21cfd381abdac61b5c8.pdf} } @article { author = {Khalil, Mohamed and Abo-zeid, Nadia and Hafez, Soryia and Hamed, Ragaa and Hamouda, Laila}, title = {Morphological changes induced in the antenna of cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera : Bruchidae) after treatment with lufenuron}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {207-218}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15615}, abstract = {The effect of a chitin synthesis inhibitor (Lufenuron) on the antennal segements and their sensilla of cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) was studied by using scanning electron microscope. Seven types of sensilla were recognized on both untreated and treated antennae with 9 ppm of lufenuron, including Böhm bristles (BB), two types of sensilla trichodea (ST1, ST2), sensilla chaetica (SC), two types of sensilla basiconica (SB1, SB2) and grooved peg (GP). The functions of these sensilla were discussed in relation to their position on the antenna. Significant difference in lengths of most segments of the antennae between untreated and treated beetles was observed. A significant difference in lengths and diameters of nearly all types of sensilla was recorded. The highest increase in length of sensilla was noticed for the sensilla chaetica followed by sensilla trichodea. These types are used by insects as mechanosensory, sex pheromone and gustatory receptors that help them to make a decision to select their food and oviposition sites.}, keywords = {Cowpea beetle,Callosobruchus maculatus,antennal sensilla,Insect growth regulator,Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15615.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15615_d83848834d6e016905d54185c7cc16f9.pdf} } @article { author = {Mahmoud, Dalia and Hamed, Ragaa and Seufi, AlaaEdeen and Salama, Mohammad and Diwan, Nadia and El Shafei, Akila M}, title = {Toxicity and biological effects of three Egyptian isolates of baculovirus on the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (boisd)}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {219-226}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15616}, abstract = {The toxicity of three different isolates of Egyptian baculovirus namely NPVGiza, NPVCairo and NPVAlex to Spodoptera littoralis larvae and their effects on some biological aspects of adults were studied. The second and fourth larval instars were highly susceptible to NPVCairo than to the other isolates. The second larval instar was highly susceptible than the fourth larval instar. NPVCairo induced larval, pupal and adult malformations. It was found that the three NPV's decreased the moth longevity, fecundity, egg hatchability and altered the sex ratio.}, keywords = {Bioassay- Sopodoptera littoralis- Baculovirus}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15616.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15616_bc18dd0b2ad82825b0da695ea6ab6601.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmed, Nadia and Radwan, Wafaa and Guneidy, Noha and Mohammed, Shimaa}, title = {Effect of juvenile hormone analogue (Admiral) on embryogenesis of the soft tick Argas persicus (Oken)}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {165-176}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15716}, abstract = {Embryonic development of the fowl tick A. persicus was investigated duringcleavage stage, blastoderm formation, gastrulation and organogenesis. Cleavagestarted 1 h post-oviposition (POP) and is indicated by presence of vitellophages ofdifferent sizes. Blastoderm is formed at 48 h POP. Secondary vitellophages areobserved by 24 h POP. By 72 h POP, the germ band is formed. At 96 h POP, whilethe embryonic envelops are formed, gastrulation of the germ band takes place.Segmentation and differentiation of germ band, as well as, blastokinesis occur at 120h POP. The stomodaeal and proctodaeal invagination started to differentiate at 120 hPOP. The anterior and posterior midgut rudiments can be observed at 144 h POP. By168 h POP, the nervous system, as well as, rectal sac and malpighian tubules areformed.Histological study revealed that application of JHA (Admiral) to newly laideggs of A. persicus blocked the embryonic development of affected eggs at cleavagestage and before blastoderm and pole cells formation. In 24 h-old treated eggs, fewcleavage nuclei appeared with absence of secondary vitellophages and pole cells. In48 h-old treated eggs, the blastoderm was rudimentary and irregularly arranged. In 72h-old treated eggs, disintegration of the rudimentary blastoderm and cracking of thecytoplasm could be seen. Starting from 96-old eggs until hatching at 168 h, completedestruction of the eggs was clear.}, keywords = {Argas persicus,Juvenile hormone analogue,embryogenesis}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15716.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15716_45e7ceaedc9db8cc774de89bd0bfa1cb.pdf} } @article { author = {Fetoh, Badr El – Sabah and Khaled, Amani and El-Nagar, Thoraia}, title = {Combined effect of entomopathogenic nematodes and biopesticides to control the greasy cut worm, Agrotis ipsilion (Hufn.) in the strawberry fields}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {227-236}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15718}, abstract = {Laboratory and field tests were conducted to evaluate the impact of the beneficial nematodes and two biopesticides when used alone or in combination against the greasy cut worm, Agrotis ipsilon (Hufn.) in infested strawberry field as a new approach of integrated pest management (IPM). Under laboratory conditions, larvae and pupae of A. ipsilon were highly susceptible to the two nematode species, Steinernema carpocapsal (Sc) and Heterorahabditis bacteriophora (Hb) when used separately and the percentage mortality increase with increase the dose of nematodes. The concentration of 100 IJs was more effective than 25 IJs for both of the two species of nematodes used. The two biopesticides: spinosad and proclaim were more effective than nematodes when used separately, spinosad was more significant effective than proclaim. Mixing of nematodes and both spinosad and proclaim increased efficacy and significance of mixtures under the laboratory and field conditions , while the effects of nematodes and biopesticides when used  alone or mixed in the laboratory was higher than in the field.}, keywords = {IPM,Entomopathognenic nematodes,Steinernema carpocapsae,Heterorhabditis bacteriophora,biopesticides,Spinosad,proclaim,strawberry,Agrotis ipsilon}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15718.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15718_ba222d4043251436684ece40b1addf46.pdf} } @article { author = {Khaled, Amani}, title = {Ultrastructural changes in integument of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: tenebrionidae) induced by chitin synthesis inhibitor (IGR) chlorfluazuron.}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {237-246}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15719}, abstract = {The present study was planned to investigate the histopathological effects of the chitin synthesis inhibitor chlorfluazuron against the 4th larval instar of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) under electron microscope level. Toxicity of chlorfluazuron was evaluated under three different temperatures. The sublethal concentrations LC40 were 2.118, 39.76 and 1.207 ppm, at 20, 29 and 38◦C respectively. Toxicity of this compound increased at relatively high temperature.  Ultrastructural studies were carried out on the integument of the prepupae treated as larvae with LC40 of chlorfluazuron. The treated samples revealed that exuviae of the old cuticle were existed above the new formed integument, some densely–stained material was deposited in endocuticle, procuticle lamellae were disorganized and partially degenerated. Disappearance of moulting fluid. The hypodermis was destructed and detached from endocuticle. Mitochondria were swollen and fusion. Lysis of lysosomelike bodies.     }, keywords = {Chitin synthesis inhibitor,Tribolium castaneum,ultrastructural studies,integument}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15719.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15719_c8043c7bce26732dcd6e42cb169ad5fa.pdf} } @article { author = {Ramadan, Rawhia and Mohamed, Aly and Abd El- Daim, Mohamed}, title = {Evaluation of antiviral activity of honeybee venom on DNA and RNA virus models}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {247-258}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {1687-8809}, eissn = {2090-0813}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsa.2009.15721}, abstract = {The virucidal activity (direct action) of bee venom on Herpes simplex virus type-1(HSV-1) and Adenovirus type -7(adeno-7) as a DNA virus models studies revealed that there was no significant decrease in HSV-1 infectivity titer after 3, 6 and 24 hours of treatments (P>0.05) while 48 hours later a significant viral depletion rate was recoded in the order of 1 log (10)/0.1 ml was detected. Also, the virucidal activity on Adeno-7 virus model showed no change after insignificance 3 hrs of bee venom treatment. There was a significant depletion rate of virus infectivity titer 6 and 24 hrs post treatment recording 3.7 log (10)/0.1 ml and 2.75 log (10)/0.1 ml respectively. Also, the evaluation of virucidal activity of bee venom against RNA model virus of West Nile virus (WNV) revealed that there was a significant decreased in WNV infectivity titer post thermal treatment incubation at 37oC for 3, 6, and 24 and 48 hours post treatment with venom recording 5.1 log (10)/0.1 ml, 4.5 log (10)/0.1 ml, 2.1 log (10)/0.1 ml and 0.55 log (10)/0.1 ml respectively. The antiviral activity of bee venom of HSV-1 as a DNA model virus showed that there was a non significant decrease in the infectivity titer post thermal treatment. In the mean time, the antiviral activity of bee venom against Adeno virus sero-type -7 revealed that there was a non significant decrease in Adeno–7 titer 3, 6 and 24 hours post incubation at 37oC. Also, evaluation of the antiviral activity of bee venom against RNA model virus West Nile Virus revealed that there was a non significant decrease in West Nile Virus titer after incubation period of 3, 6 and 24 hours post treatment at 37oC.             Antiviral activity of bee venom was also compared with that of the standard antiviral drug; interferon  -2 a (IFN -  2a). HSV-1 was insignificantly decreased recording 5.5 log (10)/0.1 ml in the bee venom treated cells compared to significant decrease when treated with (IFN -  2a) recording 3.2 log (10)/0.1 ml. In the mean time antiviral activity against adenovirus-7 recorded a  significant decrease in virus infectivity titer recording 3.4 log (10)/0.1 ml post bee venom compared with 3.25 log (10)/0.1 ml post IFN treatment which mean that the in vitro studies of the effect of standard IFN used was the same as bee venom on the Adeno-7 virus. The RNA model virus ;WNV was well influenced by bee venom than IFN where the virus infectivity titer recorded 1 log (10) /0.1 ml post bee venom  treatment compared with 2.5 log (10)/0.1 ml virus infectivity titer post IFN treatment.}, keywords = {Honey bee venom,DNA and RNA virus models}, url = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15721.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_15721_83704e5f1a4385f082889c4a3a6ae0ab.pdf} }