Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
01
07
The Effect of Planting Dates and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Aphis craccivora (koch) Infestation in Faba Bean (Vicia faba, L.) fields
1
8
EN
Hamzah.
M.
Kamel
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Megahed,
M. M.
M.
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
megahed5@azhar.edu.eg
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.137539
The present study was carried out at Wadi El Natrun district, El-Behera Governorate during season 2019–2020. In a field study, the effect of two planting dates and three rates of nitrogen fertilizer on a population of Legume aphid, <em>Aphis craccivora </em>(Koch) (Homoptera: Aphididae), in faba bean (<em>Vicia faba</em>, L.)were investigated. The results show that the higher occurrence of the aphid was recorded on the early planting date than the recommended one. The combination effect of climatic factors and plant age on aphid population density was presented as explained variance which was 75 and 74% in the early and recommended planting dates respectively. The population densities of aphid were significantly lower on faba bean plants fertilized with the lowest rate of nitrogen fertilizer (75 kg feddan<sup>−1</sup>), compared with those fertilized with recommended and highest rate (100 and 125 kg feddan<sup>−1 </sup>respectively) in both early and recommended planting dates. These results indicate that the recommended planting date and moderately plant nutrition can help plants to avoid insect pests infestation.
Aphis craccivora,Faba bean,nitrogen fertilizer,planting date
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_137539.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_137539_b94db1ad67ce87eb70caf93bfc1f18bd.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
03
10
Influence of Some Honey Bee Products and Plant Oils on the Greater Wax Moth, Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
9
20
EN
Mahmoud
M.
A.
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
mahmoudali.49@azhar.edu.eg
Y.
A.
Abdel-Rahman
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.139108
The current study revealed the effect of some honey bee products viz., pollen, honey, propolis and bee wax and some plant oils on the greater wax moth, <em>Galleria</em> <em>mellonella</em> L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Results show that the females produced from the larvae which had fed on bee wax mixed with propolis gave the highest mean of egg, larval, pre-pupal, pupal and development periods which were 7.4 ± 0.40, 34.2 ± 0.66, 6.8 ± 0.86, 13.2 ± 0.66 and 61.1 ± 1.21 days, respectively. The longest mean of pre-oviposition was 3.2 ± 0.37 days, and the shortest means of oviposition and post-oviposition period was 4.4 ± 0.51and 1.0 ± 0.0 days, respectively. The shortest means of male and female longevity were 9.8 ± 0.49 and 8.4 ± 0.75 days, respectively. While the lowest means of the weight of each larva and pupa were 105.2 ± 5.47 and 71.0 ± 2.43 mg, respectively. Also, results show the effect of clove, garlic and rosemary oils on larval mortality of <em>G. mellonella</em>. The highest mean percentage of larval mortality was for clove oil (68.33 ± 3.33%), followed by garlic oil, 51.66 ± 1.66. The lowest mean percentage of larval mortality was for rosemary oil (38.66 ± 4.41%) at a concentration of 3% after 7 days of treatment, respectively.
Galleria mellonella,biology,Pollen,Propolis,Wax comb,plant oils
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_139108.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_139108_a04ecf31ee3524a3a39226e8c00f2ec8.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
01
14
The Effect of an Entomopathogenic Fungus, Beauveria bassiana on Flight Muscles of The Desert Locust, Schistocerca gregaria Forskal
21
28
EN
El-Dydamony,
M.
Kh.
Department of Locust and Grasshopper, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
mohamedkhyri@gmail.com
Soltan,
E.
Department of Locust and Grasshopper, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
elssmohamed@yahoo.com
Said,
S.
M.
0000-0001-8181-1742
Department of Locust and Grasshopper, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
saidmohamad3937@gmail.com
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.141499
The infecting flight muscles of adult desert locust <em>Schistocerca gregaria</em> with the entomopathogenic fungus <em>Beauveria bassiana</em> were studied. The entomopathogenic fungus caused mortality percentages 85.56 and 81.11% in 5th nymphal instar and adults after 15 days of treatment; also, LT<sub>50</sub> was 9.17 and 10.07 days.<br /> The histopathological studies of treated muscles showed that the nucleus, mitochondria, myofibrils and vacuoles were highly deformed. Estimation of total carbohydrates, total lipids and total protein were carried out. The results showed that the Haemolymph content of treated insects was highly affected and all the studied parameters were lower than in the control insects. The decrease in the Haemolymph contents increased with increasing the post-inoculation period.
The desert locust Muscles,Entomopathogenic fungi,histopathology,Total carbohydrates,lipids and Protein
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_141499.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_141499_9623a46e86d351db7c1f7ec480225657.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
01
16
Population Fluctuations of Two Aphids and Their Main Predators in Broad Bean plants in Qalyubiya Governorate
29
36
EN
Saleh
H.
A.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
e_ismail2000@yahoo.com
A.
M.
khorchid
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Mona,
I.
Ammar
0009-0000-2112-852X
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
mona.ammar@arc.sci.eg
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.145808
Field experiments were carried out at Qaha, Qalyubiya Governorate, throughout 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 seasons to study population fluctuations of <em>Aphis craccivora</em> (Koch) and <em>Aphis fabae</em> Scopoli infesting broad bean plantations, and two associated predators addition, effects of certain weather factors (daily mean temperatures and daily mean R.H.).<em> A. craccivora</em> had two peaks both seasons (1<sup>st</sup> week of December and 3<sup>rd</sup> week of January) and (1<sup>st</sup> week of December and 1<sup>st </sup>week of January) in the 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd</sup> seasons respectively.<em> A. faba</em> showed three peaks in 1<sup>st</sup> season (2<sup>nd</sup> week of December, last week of December and 1<sup>st</sup> week of March). while 2 peaks in the second season (1<sup>st</sup> week of December. and end of December.)<br /> Population fluctuations of <em>A. craccivora</em> and<em> A. faba</em> and associated predators were higher in the 1<sup>st</sup> season than the second season and <em>C. undcimpunctata</em> was dominant than <em>C. carneaea</em>.<br /> A simple correlation between <em>A</em>.<em> craccivora and C.</em><em> undcimpunctata</em> showed a significant positive correlation in both seasons while with <em>C</em>.<em> carneaea</em> was insignificant negative in the 1<sup>st</sup> season and positive in the 2<sup>nd</sup> season, and the relationship between <em>A. fabae</em> was negative in both seasons with the two predators. The relationship between A.<em> craccivora</em> and daily mean temperature show negative insignificant relation during the 1<sup>st</sup> season while was significant in the 2<sup>nd</sup> season. Also, the simple correlation with <em>A. fabe</em> was insignificant negative in both seasons .as well as A.<em> craccivora </em>and <em>A. fabe</em> showed the insignificant positive value in both seasons with relative humidity.
Aphis craccivora,Aphis fabae,Predators,Temperature,relative humidity
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_145808.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_145808_b96e49b555787c3f81679a7afc6339d9.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
01
22
Compatibility of Entomopathogenic Fungi, Beauvaria bassiana (Bals. -Criv.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchn) Sorokin Isolates with Different Agrochemicals Commonly Used in Vineyards.
37
53
EN
Mona
A.
Shoeb
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
monaashoeb@hotmail.com
R.
H. A.
Solaiman
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Center, Giza, Egypt
A.
A.
Abd-Elgyed
Plant protection Dept. Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum Univ., Egypt
Manar
M.
Ahmed
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Center, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.147044
Compatibility studies of biological control agents with different agrochemicals have paramount importance to provide proper guidelines for their integrated use and time of application of these agents. The effect of twenty-one different agrochemical formulations commonly used in vineyards including 10 fungicides, 5 insecticides, 2 acaricides and four plant growth regulators on conidial germination and vegetative growth of entomopathogenic fungi; <em>B. bassiana</em> MN710408 and <em>M. anisopliae</em> MN710409 was tested under laboratory conditions<strong>. </strong>The results of this study showed that among tested fungicides, copper hydroxide formulation was highly compatible with both fungal isolates, it even stimulated conidial germination at all tested concentrations. Also, Copper- sulphate<sup>®</sup> showed a high stimulant effect with <em>B. bassiana</em> isolate and to a lesser extent with <em>M. anisopliae</em> isolate. The neonicotinoids were compatible with both fungal isolates at certain concentrations. Lufenuron<sup>®</sup> showed a stimulation effect to both fungal isolates. Regarding plant growth regulators, the Dormex<sup>®</sup> formulation completely inhibited conidial germination and vegetative growth of both fungal isolates at field recommended concentration, while other types of these agrochemicals showed various degrees of compatibility depending on the fungal isolate.
Agrochemicals, Fungicides,Insecticides,Plant growth regulators,Entomopathogenic fungi,Beauvaria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_147044.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_147044_55665119e9b7c166060404014adc48d2.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
01
26
Disturbance of the Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Haemolymph and Fat Bodies of The Desert Locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) by Margosan-O® (0.3% Azadirachtin)
55
70
EN
Ahmed
Basiouny
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
abasiouny61@yahoo.com
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.147487
The desert locust <em>Schistocerca gregaria</em> is a dangerous pest for several fields and orchard crops. Great attention has been paid to use botanicals for controlling this pest. The current investigation aimed to assess the disturbing effect of margosan-O<sup>®</sup> (0.3% Azadirachtin) on the acetylcholinesterase (AchE)activity in haemolymph and fat bodies of <em>S. gregaria</em>. The penultimate (4<sup>th</sup>) instar nymphs were treated, <em>via</em> the fresh food, with two concentrations (0.9 and 0.4%) of margosan-O<sup>®</sup> and the activity of AchE was estimated in the last instar nymphs and newly emerged adults. The most important results could be shown as follows. In the present study, margosan-O<sup>®</sup> caused a predominantenhancement of AchE activity in the haemolymph of last instar nymphs and adults, regardless of the concentration. Also, the enzyme activity was induced in fat bodies of nymphs and adults, with exception of the late-aged nymphs, nymphs. In these late-aged nymphs, the AchE activity was inhibited in the fat bodies (60.8 and 65.3% decrements, at the higher and lower margosan-O<sup>®</sup> concentrations, respectively).
Acetylcholine,Adult,Enzyme,gregaria,neurotransmission,nymph
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_147487.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_147487_f7983ca15f34e2c8d6cd98ac43e22430.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
01
30
Survey and Identification of Grasshoppers Species in Al-Orman Garden in Egypt
71
81
EN
Samira
M.N.
Abd-El Wahed
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
samiranabel@hotmail.com
Maaly,
E.
Wafy
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
Mahmoud,
Y. H.
Henaish
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
mahmoudaboyosof@yahoo.com
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.150411
A total of 1069 Orthopids belonged to 6 species derived from 2 families (Acrididae and Pyrgomorphidae) were collected from Al-Orman garden during 2019 and 2020. The most common grasshopper species were <em>Calphorus compressicornis</em> 52% and 50%, followed by <em>Aiolopus thalassinus</em> 37% and 38%, then <em>Acrotylus insubricus </em>3% and 5%, then <em>Heteracris littoralis</em> 3% and 3%, then <em>Eyprepocnemis plorans</em> 3% and 2%, & finally <em>Pyrgomorpha conica</em> 2% and 2%, respectively. These 6 species were collected at the garden in 2019 and 2020.The dominant species were (<em>C. compressicornis </em>and<em> A. thalassinus</em>). The seasonal abundance of grasshopper occurred in August in summer season, one peak only was obtained in both years.
Al-Orman garden,identification,Survey,grasshopper,Orthoptera
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_150411.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_150411_3f47656ef66e5615b677a7f3732ae077.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
02
26
Feeding Preferences of Subterranean Termites, Odontotermes obesus (Ramber) (Blattoidea: Termitidae) in Field and Their Control and Developing Bait Strategies
83
92
EN
Ghazanfer
Ali
0000-0001-9415-7719
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 5400, Pakistan
ghazanferdhariwal@gmail.com
Khalid,
Zamir
Rasib
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 5400, Pakistan
Muhammad
Arshad
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 5400, Pakistan
marshadzoology@gmail.com
Anam,
,Munir
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 5400, Pakistan
Tasleem,
Amanat
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 5400, Pakistan
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.151774
Termites are a social group of animals. They found everywhere except Antarctica. Termites are the major pest of agriculture and damaging wood and wood products. The present study was conducted to evaluate the feeding behavior of termites under field conditions. Eight wood species include <em>Mangifera indica</em> (mangoes), <em>Albizia lebbeck</em> (albizia), <em>Populus euramericana</em> (popular), <em>Melia azedarach</em> (bead tree), <em>Vachellia nilotica</em> (kiker,thorny acacia), <em>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</em> (eucalyptus), <em>Dalbergia sissoo</em> ( shesham), and <em>Eugenia jambolana</em> (jamun) was offered to termites to feed under field trials. Wood species was cut into blocks (L×W×T =8×9×1 cm) and dry in the oven at 42<sup>o</sup>C for 72 hours. It was found that <em>P. euramericana</em>, <em>M. indica</em> and <em>V. nilotica </em>where the most palatable woods to termite as maximum feeding was noted for these two kinds of wood under field conditions. <em>M. azedarach</em>, <em>D. sisso</em> and <em>E. camaldulensis</em> were lest preferred woods to termite in choice and no-choice bioassays. <em>M. azedarach, D. sisso</em> and <em>E. camaldulensis</em> have a natural chemical which make the wood resistant against the termite attacks. Chemical extract from these resistant plants can be used in termite control are safer and hazardless for the environment.
Termite,social animal,Pest,Feeding behavior,Field conditions,choice bioassay,no choice bioassay,woodblocks,replicates,bait station
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_151774.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_151774_9cb5ca57b96cc6323b2756d59fbb150e.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
02
26
Survey on Population Changes of Aphis gossypii (Glove.) on Cluster Cultivars in Ultra Narrow Row system in the Field Cotton Golestan Province of Iran.
93
97
EN
Taghi
Darvish, Mojeni
Cotton Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran
t_mojeni@yahoo.com
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.152213
In the planting system, the row spacing is very narrow, where the spacing of the planting rows is considered to be between 20 and 40 cm. In this system, the number of bolls per plant is reduced. Experiments to survey and compare populations <em>Aphis gossypii</em> on 3 cluster cultivars and one control, using the method of narrow planting distance of 20 × 20 and 20 × 80 cm as a factorial design in the form of a randomized complete block design with 3 replications in Hashemabad cotton research station in Gorgan during two years 2018- 2019 was evaluated. A sampling of different stages of cotton aphids was recorded weekly in the tested treatments and recorded in special tables. Based on the studies, the results of combined analysis of variance show that the yield in the cultivars tested in Sajedi cultivar with a distance of 80 cm with an average wash of 3392 kg/ha in the plot and Golestan cultivar 80 cm with 3245.8 kg/ha in the plot with the highest yield and T2 cultivar With a distance of 20 cm, 1694 kg/ha in Crete had the lowest yield. Infestation rate of cluster cultivars tested in very narrow cultivation of green aphid population density on Sajedi cultivars with a distance of 80 cm and the khorshid with a distance of 20 cm with densities of 41.39 and 40.36 aphids per leaf, respectively, with the highest aphids per leaf and cultivars T2 and the khorshid with a distance of 20 cm with 23.59 and 29.04 aphids, respectively. They had the least infestation in the leaves.
Aphis gossypii,UNR,cotton and Golestan province
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_152213.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_152213_f277c0ced6eba728c4f85315c32298a5.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
02
27
Observation on Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Maize Under Laboratory Conditions
99
104
EN
Muhammad
Ramzan
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
ramzan.mnsua@gmail.com
Haroon,
Ilahi
Department of Agriculture (Soil Sciences), University of Swabi, Pakistan
Muhammad,
Adnan
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
Aziz
Ullah
Department of Horticulture, University of Agriculture, Peshawar
Atta
Ullah
Department of Agriculture (Plant Pathology), University of Swabi, Pakistan
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.152337
<em><span lang="EN-GB">Spodoptera frugiperda</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> is native to tropical and subtropical areas of the world and consider an invasive species in Pakistan since 2019. It is spreading continuously and become a threat to horticultural as well as agricultural crops especially maize all over the world. The developmental duration of each <em>S. frugiperda</em> stage was recorded on maize leaves under laboratory conditions. The embryonic period was 2.32 ± 0.22 days. The developmental duration of 1<sup>st</sup>, 2<sup>nd</sup>, 3<sup>rd</sup>, 4<sup>th</sup>, 5<sup>th</sup> and 6<sup>th</sup> larval instars were 2.37, 2.09, 2.01, 2.02, 2.27 and 5.10 days, respectively while the total larval period was 14-16 days. Female was long-lived as compared to male. The current study concluded that Fall armyworm, <em>S. frugiperda </em>is a primary pest and threat to vegetative as well as reproductive parts of maize crop which cause significant economic losses.</span>
biological studies,Fall armyworm,Invasive alien species,Maize Crops,Pakistan
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_152337.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_152337_e5266c61fd0573f4c81d03327536e357.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
03
02
Studies on the Release of the Two Predatory Species Ccoccinella septempunctata L. and Chrysoperla carnea (Steph.) for Controlling the Legume Aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch., on the Faba Bean Plants, in the Greenhouses Located in Sohag Governorate
105
122
EN
Ali,
M. A.
M.
Biological Control Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre.
abonoraba@gmail.com
El-Hadary,
W.
A.
Biological Control Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre.
Bahy EL-Din,
I.
A.
Biological Control Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.153849
In Egypt, the faba bean plants (<em>Vicia faba</em> L.) are considered as one of the most important winter field crops that are continuously and extensively grown year after year. This crop is subjected to attack by the legume aphid, <em>Aphis craccivora</em> Koch. (Homoptera: Aphididae), which cause obvious damage to the resulted faba bean yield. The obtained results indicated that the faba bean plants that were cultivated in the greenhouses of the two tested released areas (the ladybird beetle,<em>Ccoccinella septempunctata</em> L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and the green lacewing, <em>Chrysoperla carnea </em>(Steph.) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) areas), when were compared with that area of the unreleased control were as follow: for the unreleased control, the mean total numbers of the legume aphid <em>A. craccivora</em> individuals per season were; 64.91±12.66 (13.35-150.52) and 43.88±10.79 (2.57-110.00) individuals, for the two successive seasons 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, respectively. While, in case of the released area of the ladybird beetle <em>C. septempunctata</em>, the corresponding mean total numbers of the legume aphid, <em>A. craccivora</em> were; 16.92±5.25 (0.00-53.72) and 17.31±6.27 (0.00-79.02) individuals, for the two seasons respectively, with a mean percentage of reduction in the mean total numbers of the legume aphid, <em>A. craccivora</em> for the two seasons together of 67.11% (60.29 -73.93%). But, in case of the released area of the green lacewing, <em>C. carnea</em>, the mean total numbers of the legume aphid, <em>A. craccivora</em> individuals for the two seasons were; 15.15±4.95 (0.00-50.72) and 15.76±6.23 (0.00-78.47) individuals, with a mean percentage of reduction in the mean total numbers of the legume aphid, <em>A. craccivora</em> for the two seasons together of 70.34% (64.04-76.64%). Also, using the two previous biocontrol agents had led to an increase in the yield of faba bean crop. Therefore, the obtained results revealed the important role of the two predators (the ladybird beetle, <em>C. septempunctata</em> and the green lacewing, <em>C. carnea</em>), as effective biocontrol agents, (representing a major component of the biological control techniques) against the legume aphid, <em>A. craccivora</em>on the faba bean plants. As a result, they can be released in the faba bean fields and/or other related fields that suffer from the pest attack. Using such biocontrol agents must be included in Integrated Pest Management (I.P.M.) strategies, for decreasing the chemical control methods for avoiding the undesirable effects of the direct use of the insecticidal application, for protecting man and his surrounding environment from pollution.
Vicia faba L,Aphis craccivora,Ccoccinella septempunctata L,Chrysoperla carnea,biological control,Sohag
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_153849.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_153849_438749d35ddcfc58da9d9d6e325fabff.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
03
15
Variation in Oral Acute Toxicity of Thiamethoxam According to the Volume Administered in Algerian Honeybees
123
131
EN
Chahbar
Adidou
Nora
Laboratoire VALCOR, Faculté des sciences, Departement d'agronomie Université M’hamed Bougara Boumerdes, 35 000 Avenue de l’indépendance, Boumerdes , Algeria.
chahbar_nora@yahoo.fr
Kamel,
Hamadi
Laboratoire Dynamique et Biodiversité, Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, Alger, Algérie
Mohamed,
Chahbar
Département de Zoologie Agricole et Forestière, École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, Alger, Algérie
Messaouda,
Belaid
Laboratoire VALCOR, Faculté des Sciences, Département d’agronomie, Université M’hamed Bougara, Boumerdes, 35 000 Avenue de l’indépendance, Boumerdes, Algérie
Fatma,
Acheuk
Laboratoire VALCOR, Faculté des Sciences, Département d’agronomie, Université M’hamed Bougara, Boumerdes, 35 000 Avenue de l’indépendance, Boumerdes, Algérie
Salaheddine,
Doumandji
Département de Zoologie Agricole et Forestière, École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, Alger, Algérie
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.156533
Thiamethoxam is a neurotoxic systemic insecticide belonging to the neonicotinoid family. Approved under the trade Algeria Actara WG 25%, the plant protection product is recognized as toxic to the bees after acute exposure. However, this product is persistent, has a significant residual activity and accumulates in plants. It is therefore necessary to completely reassess its toxicity. To do this, we determined the sensitivity of the Saharan and Tellian honeybee, <em>Apis mellifera sahariensis </em>and <em>Apis mellifera intermissa</em>, to thiamethoxam by testing the acute oral toxicity on worker bees in the laboratory. The study is based on determining the LD<sub>50</sub> according to the volume administrated. Each batch of bees was fed 100, 200, 500 and 1000μl (5, 10, 25 and 50μl per bee) 55,5% (w/v) sucrose solution with increasing doses (1, 10, 20, 50, 70 and 90 ng per bee) of thiamethoxam dissolved in acetone, for trial treatments, and 55,5% (w/v) sucrose solution supplemented with acetone, control treatments. The results showed that the toxicity is manifested by acute symptoms of early neurotoxicity and cumulative mortalities that occur 24 hours after treatment. The LD<sub>50</sub> varies with the volume administered. Indeed, the LD<sub>50 </sub>values decrease with increasing volume, and there is an inverse relationship between the LD<sub>50</sub> obtained and administered volumes.
thiamethoxam,Apis mellifera intermissa,Apis mellifera sahariensis,LD50,Acute oral toxicity
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_156533.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_156533_c0ea0f2060c483e17579f5a3583193d0.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
03
17
A Preliminary survey of Dragonflies and Damselflies (Insecta: Odonata) in and around Hirpora Wildlife Sanctuary Shopian, Kashmir
133
139
EN
Muzafar
Riyaz
0000-0001-9372-681X
Division of Taxonomy & Biodiversity, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
bhatmuzaffar471@gmail.com
K
Sivasankaran
0000-0001-8957-231X
Division of Taxonomy and Biodiversity, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, India
ganesh_swamy2005@yahoo.com
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.157352
Dragonflies and Damselflies (Insecta: Odonata) of Hirpora Wildlife Sanctuary are presented. The Sanctuary is located in the District Shopian of Kashmir Valley (33°39'28.6"N 74°41'15.2"E). The area is rich in both floral and faunal diversity with most of the area covered with lush green forests. Around the sanctuary, Agro and Horticultural plantations such as Apple, Pear, Peach and vegetable crops abides most of the land cover in the area. The present study was carried out from June to October 2020. A total number of 10 species from six families were recorded in and around the area. The most abundant species recorded are from the family Libellulidae which are active mostly in the months from June to October. A number of freshwater bodies flow through the district and receives annual precipitation of around 1800mm, which makes the area more suitable for the Odonates diversity. Here we present the first preliminary report of order Odonata collected from the sanctuary and adjoining areas of Kashmir Valley.
Dragonflies,Damselflies,Hirpora Wildlife Sanctuary,Shopian,Kashmir
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_157352.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_157352_51124502f03a29e5a512166eca974bef.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
03
19
Biological Aspects of Typhlodromus athisae Porath and Swirski When Fed on Red Spider Mite, Tetranychus urtica Koch and Brown Citrus Mite, Eutetranychus orientalis (klein)
141
145
EN
Abden,
M.
H.
Cotton and field Crop Acarology Department, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI)
Abdallah,
A.
M.
Fruit Acarology Department, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI)
dr.adelamin2025@gmail.com
Wafaa
M.
Gaber
Cotton and field Crop Acarology Department, Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI)
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.157362
The predatory mite, <em>Typhlodromus athisae</em> is one of the most important bio-control agents. This work aims to study the efficacy of the predatory mite, <em>T. athisae</em> when fed on the phytophagous mites <em>Teteranychus urticae</em> and <em>Eutetranychus orientalis</em>. The predator mite,<em> T. athisae</em> was collected from mango and citrus trees and reared in Fruit Acarology Department. The biological aspects of predatory mite were studied in the laboratory at 25°Ċ and R.H 70 %. The Life cycle and generation time recorded were 10.5271 & 12.802 day and 12.752 and 15.45 day when fed on <em>T. urticae</em> and <em>E. orientalis</em>.
Biological study,Phytoseiidae,Typhlodromus athisae,T. urtica Koch and E.oriantalis (klein)
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_157362.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_157362_4126c9773dd3f70fa492456eacfcb807.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
03
20
Disturbing Effects of Botanicals on the Haemogram and Immune Parameters of Insects: Recent Progress of The Search for Effective Biopesticides
147
193
EN
Karem
Ghoneim
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
karemghoneim@gmail.com
Reda,
F.A.
Bakr
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Khalid
Hamadah
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.157363
The excessive and indiscriminate uses of synthetic insecticides usually lead to many problems of human health, environment and economics. Therefore, it is a prerequisite to search for safe alternatives among which plant extracts and products represent effective materials for pest control. The main goal of the present article was searching for new control materials of the insect pests <em>via</em> the disruptive effects of these materials on the haemogram and immune parameters. In this article, we discussed the drastic effects of botanicals on the major haemogram parameters including total hemocyte population, differential hemocytes counts, cytopathological deformities of hemocytes, haemolymph (blood) volume, mitotic index and heart activity. It focused, also, on the innate immune reactions (humoral and cellular) in insects and the serious impacts of botanicals on their mechanisms (phagocytosis, encapsulation, nodulation and melanization). As concluded in the current article, botanicals inhibit the immune capability, leading to the insects become susceptible to the action of pathogenic microorganisms and ultimately death. This can be appreciated as a new strategy for the effective control of insect pests. However, some points of future research had been provided. In addition, some field works should be conducted to realize the botanical potential of the haematological and immunological criteria for insect pest control.
Haemogram,heartbeat,hemocyte,histopathology,immunity,phagocytosis,capsulation,mitosis,nodulation
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_157363.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_157363_68e3e563c5f499cc934a52f39622715f.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
03
22
Effect of Weather Parameters on Pest Dynamics of Maize in Summer at District Bahawalnagar (Pakistan)
195
203
EN
Muhammad
Arshad
The Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 5400, Pakistan University of Lahore
marshadzoology@gmail.com
Khalid
Zamir
Rasib
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 5400, Pakistan
Ghazanfer
Ali
0000-0001-9415-7719
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 5400, Pakistan
ghazanferdhariwal@gmail.com
Tasleem
Amanat
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 5400, Pakistan
Anam
Munir
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 5400, Pakistan
Sidra
Riaz
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, 5400, Pakistan
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.157851
This study was designed to evaluate the association between maize pest dynamics and in relation to abiotic factors (temperature, relative humidity and rainfall) in tehsil Minchinabad district Bahawalnagar. The study was conducted from months of April to July in the crop of maize. The current study indicates that the attack of the insect pest increased on maize. These insect pests and diseases on maize are Stem borer (<em>Chilo partellus</em>), Armyworm (<em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>), Common earwig (<em>Forficula auricularia</em>), Garden snail (<em>Helix aspersa</em>), Red cotton stainer (<em>Dysdercus cingulatus</em>), <em>Aspergillus flavus</em> and Rotten corn disease stock have been recognized to their broad environmental distribution in Bahawalnagar as a result of weather parameters. At higher temperature there was a marked increase in the population of pests while at relative humidity 46% and temperature 40<sup>0</sup>C maximum population of the pest was recorded, it means that higher the temperature and relative humidity there was a marked fluctuation in pest dynamics and hence in spite of the absence of rainfall, the pest outbreak was recorded. Statistically different results significantly different (p < 0.05) using ANOVA one-way and linear regression.
Pests of maize,Weather parameters,Pest’s dynamics
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_157851.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_157851_69fb06ed0ab008097dde7b29bf7c96ce.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
03
23
Effect of Temperature and Prey Quality on Aphid-Predator Interrelations in Two Spiders Associated with Aphids on Legumes and Cereal Crops in Egypt
205
217
EN
Manal
H.
Ibraheem
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center
Nawal
M.
Shanbaky
Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University
Nadia
Helmy
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University
d.nadyahelmy@yahoo.com
Mohammed
H.
El-Erksousy
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center
Amal
E.
Abo-zaed
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center
Ayat
Yousery
Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.158600
The effect of temperature and prey quality of aphid species life, stage and their basic nutritional components on food consumption, predation rate and duration of development of spiderlings of <em>Thanatus albini</em> reared on a monotypic diet of immatures or adult females of each of <em>Aphis craccivora</em> and <em>Rhopalosiphum maidis</em> were studied at 3 different temperatures of 15, 27 and 35±2<strong>˚C and RH of 60-70%. Also, effects of the prey quality of the monotypic diet of each aphid on the tested parameters were studied in spiderlings of <em>Thomisus spinifer</em> and on reproduction in adult females of both spider species at 27˚C.</strong><br /> <strong>Of the three tested temperatures, 27˚C was considered as the optimum temperature for aphid consumption and predation rate of spiderlings of <em>Th. albini</em> when fed on each of the two aphid species, due to increasing the two parameters and prolonging spiderling durations. Also, life, development of spiderlings and female reproduction of each of <em>Th. albini</em> and <em>T. spinifer</em> were maintained and completed at the optimum temperature of 27 by feeding on immatures or adult female aphids (except the first three spiderlings) of each of <em>A. craccivora</em> and <em>R. maidis</em> in <em>Th. albini</em> and only of <em>R. maidis </em>in <em>T. spinifer</em>.</strong><br /> <strong>The two spider species showed efficacy as predators, consuming higher numbers of immatures than adults of each of the two aphid species with more consumption of <em>A. craccivora</em> than <em>R. maidis</em> in <em>Th. albini</em> and only of <em>R. maidis</em> in <em>T. spinifer</em> with the refusal of feeding on <em>A. craccivora</em>. The number of consumed aphids by each spider species was increased by increasing the age of the spiderling stage.</strong><br /> <strong>Quantitative analysis of the basic nutritional components showed a higher concentration of total protein and carbohydrate in adult females than immatures of each aphid species but no significant difference between each of the immatures and adult females of the two aphid species. The significance of the </strong><strong>obtained results was discussed</strong><strong>.</strong>
aphids,Spiders,prey quality,Temperature,Nutritional Value
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_158600.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_158600_f388d2df16596d65cc7ca8ec01e2d2f3.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
03
25
Effect Color of Jasmine Flowers on The Infestation by Macrosiphum rosae and Tetranychus urticae under Glasshouse Conditions
219
226
EN
Gamila,
A. M.
Heikal
Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, 12618 Egypt
Aiad,
K.
A.
Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, 12618 Egypt
Enas
Adel
Abd-Elatef
Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, 12618 Egypt
enasadel20153@gmail.com
Elsherbeni,
M. K.
G.
Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, 12618 Egypt
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.159707
This study was carried out to study the effect color of Jasmine flowers (<em>Jasmine spp < /em>. Fam. Oleaceae) on the infestation by <em>Macrosiphum rosae </em>(L.) (Homoptera: Aphididae) and<em>Tetranychus urticae</em>Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) using four varieties (colors) of Jasmine plants similar in the horticulture characters but different in the color of the flower only, (yellow, red, blue and white). Experiments were done in two locations (governorates), El-Orman Garden (Giza Governorate) and International Garden (Alexandria Governorate) throughout 2019 /2020 season under glasshouse conditions.<br /> Results obtained showed that the infestation with both<em> M. rosae</em> and<em>T. urticae</em>began to appear on the 1<sup>st</sup> February 2020 season and recorded the activity peak during mid of April month then decreased until the beginning of August at the same season. Results obtained showed also that flower colors of jasmine arrange for the attracted both the two pests as follows: yellow, red, blue and white, respectively.<br /> Results obtained also showed that both the total sugar and total protein arranged to descend in the jasmine flowers color as follows: yellow, red, blue and white).<br /> Statistical analysis showed that there were highly significant differences between the four flowers' color (varieties) of jasmine on the attraction of both the two pests. And Statistical analysis showed also that was highly significant differences between the four flowers color (varieties) of jasmine on the content of both total sugar and total protein.</em>
Jasmine Tetranychus urticae flowers,Macrosiphum rosae,glasshouse conditions
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_159707.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_159707_af2cdf6c1aed43ec5354f7c122c022e1.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
03
27
The Effect of An Alternative Diet Fermented by Bee Bread Microorganisms on Hypopharyngeal Glands Development and Acini Size of Honey Bee Workers, (Apis mellifera L.)
227
241
EN
Mohamed
F.
Abdel-Rahman
Plant Protection Research Institute - Agricultural Research Center - Dokki – Giza
biologistknw@yahoo.com
Rania
Qurashy
Sayed
Plant Protection Research Institute - Agricultural Research Center - Dokki – Giza
Adham
M.
Moustafa
Plant Protection Research Institute - Agricultural Research Center - Dokki – Giza
Mohamed
Abd El-Moezz
Mahbob
Zoology and Entomology Department - Faculty of Science – New Valley University
mahbobent@yahoo.com
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.160352
The hypopharyngeal glands of worker bees located in the head; consist of thousands of two-cell units that are composed of a secretory cell and a duct cell and that are arranged in sets of about 12 around a long collecting duct. The glands contribute to the production of the royal jelly fed to queens and larvae. They are highly sensitive to the quantity and quality of the food as pollen and pollen substitutes that the nurse bee consumes. The role of the worker honey bee <em>Apis mellifera</em> L. changes depending on age after eclosion (age polyethism): young workers (nurse bees) take care of their brood by synthesizing and secreting brood food (royal jelly), while older workers (foragers) forage for nectar and process it into honey.<br /> In our experiment, we tested how diets impact hypopharyngeal gland development and their acini size, where our diets compared were (bee bread diet; unfermented diet; fermented diet in a simulation method for nature; and sucrose syrup). Also, we mentioned understanding the role of these glands in hive health. For this study, we have examined the morphogenesis of the hypopharyngeal gland during different ages of workers honeybee <em>Apis mellifera </em>L. that fed on the different diets; we measured the size of glandular acini in a robust measure. These results obtained indicated that the hypopharyngeal gland development has flexibility and can depending on the condition of the colony as the pollen substitute diet we prepared in the periods of food shortage in nature. This described the hypothesis that feeding plays an important role in the development of HG according to diet nutritional values, ensuring the importance of the fermentation process for the better health of honey bees.
Pollen substitute diet,Bee bread,fermentation,lactobacillus,Hypopharyngeal gland,GlandularAcini size,Vitellogenin,Age polyethism
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_160352.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_160352_4e81bad1f8247172d7f91637afd889d2.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
03
29
Biological and Histological Alterations in The Larvae of Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) Induced by Imidcaloproid and Tannic Acid
243
254
EN
Nermeen
M.
Farahat
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Amany
S.
Khaled
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Mohamed
A.
Hussein
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Ola
H.
Zyaan
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
ozyaan@sci.asu.edu.eg
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.160456
The mosquito family Culicidae is the most common disease vector in the Diptera order. Almost all of them are bloodsuckers that cause a lot of major diseases, such as malaria, yellow fever and elephantiasis. The development of resistance in mosquitos to pyrethroid, organophosphate, and carbamate created the need for alternative insecticides. Therefore, 3<sup>rd</sup> instar <em>Culex pipiens</em> larvae were treated with the median lethal concentrations (LC<sub>50</sub>) of imidacloprid (IMI) and tannic acid. Biological tests were performed by following up the treated insects from the 3<sup>rd</sup> larval instar till the adult stages. The biological test showed that tannic acid was more effective than imidacloprid by increasing the larval period and decreasing both pupation percentage and pupal duration. The histopathological effect of the tested compound on the larvae's midgut epithelium was studied using light and transmission electron microscopy. A histological study showed that the treated larvae had cytopathological alterations of the midgut epithelium, muscular layers, epithelial cells and internal organelles. Both IMI and tannic acid showed nearly the same effect on the larvae histology. Based on these results, tested compounds could be used in the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs for greater effectiveness.
Imidacloprid,tannic acid,Culex pipiens,histological alteration
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_160456.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_160456_82f77d25dc671d3a6b4e03b8a21204cb.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
03
30
Sublethal Effects of Two Insecticides, Deltamethrin, Thiamethoxam and the Botanical Insecticide (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) on Callosobruchus maculates (Fabr.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
255
269
EN
Eman
A.
Fouad
Bioassay Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
emansoliman28@hotmail.com
Abeer
O.
Abotaleb
Stored Product Pest Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.161753
The cowpea beetle <em>Callosobruchus maculates</em> (Fabr.) is a serious pest that infests pulse seeds in storage. The current study aimed to assess the sublethal effects of two insecticides deltamethrin, thiamethoxam and a botanical power of fennel (<em>Foeniculum vulgare</em> Mill) on <em>C. maculatus</em> development and its essential enzymes. Thiamethoxam, deltamethrin insecticides and fennel plant powder activities against the cowpea beetle, <em>C. maculatus, </em>were assessed throughout direct contact application. Thiamethoxam showed the LC<sub>50</sub> value of 21.05 ppm followed by deltamethrin (LC<sub>50</sub>= 85.1 ppm) while, the least effect was recorded with fennel seeds powder with LC<sub>50</sub> value 36325.8 ppm. Concerning sublethal effects, sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam (LC<sub>10</sub>, LC<sub>25</sub>, LC<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>75</sub>) significantly reduced egg-laying. While LC<sub>75</sub> of deltamethrin significantly decreased egg-laying related to control. In contrast, fennel seeds powder failed to turn down the number of eggs laid by <em>C. maculatus </em>females compared with the control. Complete protection to deltamethrin against <em>C. maculatus </em>adults was maintained after 24 h till 7 months and to thiamethoxam from 24 h till 4 months. Biochemical studies showed that the activity of acetylcholine esterase (AChE), α, ß esterase and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) showed a significant decrease in sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam and deltamethrin related to the control. Regarding the effect on germination, no adverse effect was noticed due to the chemical and botanical seed protectants application.
thiamethoxam,Deltamethrin,fennel seed powder,Callosobruchus maculatus,Residual activity,AChE,GST,esterase
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_161753.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_161753_238359038f12be1517364aad881235d6.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences. A, Entomology
1687-8809
2090-0813
14
1
2021
03
30
Studies on The Possibility of Using the Three Biological Control Agents; The Predator Ccoccinella undecimpunctata L., the Predator, Hippodamia convergens Guer. and the Aphid Parasitoid, Diaeretiellarapae (M'Intosh), Against the Legume Aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch.
272
286
EN
Ali,
M. A.
M.
Biological Control Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center.
abonoraba@gmail.com
10.21608/eajbsa.2021.162946
In Egypt, the faba bean plants (<em>Vicia faba</em>L.) is considered as one of the most important field crops that are continuously and extensively grown year after year, representing a popular local feeding and market crop for the Egyptian people. This crop is subjected to attack by the legume aphid, <em>Aphis craccivora</em> Koch. (Homoptera: Aphididae), which cause obvious damage to the resulted faba bean crop.The obtained results indicated that the faba bean plants that were cultivated in the greenhouses of the two tested released cases of the ladybird beetles ;<em> Ccoccinella undecimpunctata</em> L. and <em>Hippodamia convergens</em> Guer. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) when were compared with that case of the unreleased control 1 were as follows: for the unreleased control 1, the mean total number of the legume aphid, <em>A. craccivora</em> individuals per the period of experiment 1 was 2360.92±419.77(100-5189) individuals. While, in there leased case of the ladybird beetle <em>C. undecimpunctata</em>, the corresponding mean total number of the legume aphid, <em>A. craccivora</em> individuals per the period of the experiment was 715.30±235.30 (100-2861) individuals and the percentage of the reduction in the total number of the aphid individuals per the period of the experiment was 69.70%.But, for the released caseof the ladybird beetle, <em>H. convergens</em>,the mean total number of the legume aphid, <em>A. craccivora</em> individuals per the period of the experiment was 933.00±247.47 (100-2975) individuals and the percentage of the reduction in the total number of the aphid individuals per the period of the experiment was 60.48%.However, in experiment 2, the mean total number of the legume aphid <em>A. Craccivora</em> individuals in the aphid parasitoid,<em> Diaeretiella rapae</em> (M'Intosh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) releasing case was 1380.76±248.84 (100-2711) individuals, in comparing with the unreleased control 2 cases (1672.79±313.10 (100-3582)). The total number of the mummies of the aphid parasitoid, <em>D. rapae</em> increased at the end of the experiment in the release case of the aphid parasitoid, <em>D. rapae</em>. This indicated that the <em>D. rapae</em> adultsˈ parasitoids were emerged from the parasitized aphid mummies and began to parasitize newly aphid individuals and thus the total number of the aphid mummies were increased at the end of season (successful parasitism of the aphid parasitoid, <em>D. rapae </em>has occurred). Therefore, the obtained results revealed the important role of the two predators (the ladybird beetles; <em>C. undecimpunctata</em> & <em>H. convergens</em>) and also the aphid parasitoid,<em> D. rapae</em>, as three effective biocontrol agents (representing a major component of the biological control techniques) against the legume aphid, <em>A. craccivora</em>on the faba bean plants. As a result, they can be released in the faba bean fields and/or other related fields that suffer from the pest attack. They must be included in the Integrated Pest Management (I.P.M.) strategies, for decreasing the undesirable effects of using the chemical control methods
Faba bean plants,The legume aphid,Aphis craccivora,biological control,Predators,Ccoccinella undecimpunctata,Hippodamia convergens,Diaeretiella rapae,Predatorś,and parasitoid releases
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_162946.html
https://eajbsa.journals.ekb.eg/article_162946_3f325281e458d039fef26a6ba7fae4e8.pdf