Implications of Some Constant Temperatures on Certain Biological Aspects of the Grapevine Aphid, Aphis illinoisensis Shimer (Homoptera:Aphididae)

Document Type : Original Article

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Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.

Abstract

The effect of temperature on certain biological aspects and fertility life table of the grapevine aphid as a key of abiotic factor has been investigated. The experiments were conducted at four constant temperatures 17, 21, 24 and 27°C, 65 ± 5 % R.H. and 14 hrs. photophase. The tested individuals were reared and observed on young shoots of Vitis vinifera (Superior variety). The data revealed that aphids developed faster with increasing temperatures within the 17 - 27 °C range. The grapevine aphid passed through four instars before reaching maturity. The nymphal development period varied significantly between temperatures, they lasted 15.5, 12.2, 7.3 and 5.4 days at 17, 21, 24 and 27°C, respectively. The theoretical lower developmental threshold (t0) was 12.4 °C and 80.73 day-degrees were required for aphids to reach adulthood. The life table parameters differed at the tested temperatures. These parameters clarified the temperature effect on A. illinoisensis biology, where the largest Ro, λ and rm were 6.30, 1.155 and 1.088 at 24, 24 and 21 °C, respectively.  The range of generation time values (GT) recorded 27.39-10.53 days at the tested temperatures. As a result from the aspect of development and fecundity, A. illinoisensis had the best performance on 24°C and the worst on 17 and 27°C.

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