Efficiency of Carbone Dioxide and Aluminum Phosphide Gasses on Ephestia cautella and Oryzaephilus surinamensis Insects and Microbial Load on Stored Date Fruits

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 The Central Laboratory for Date Palm Research and Development of Agricultural Research Center, Egypt.

2 Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt

Abstract

This research aims to study the efficiency of carbon dioxide as a natural gas on Ephestia cautella and Oryzaephilus surinamensis insects, their stages and microbial load compared to the insecticide (aluminum phosphide gas). The semi-dry date fruits were exposed to aluminum phosphide gas with different concentrations (1/16 recommended dose, 1/8 recommended dose, 1/4 recommended dose, 1/2 recommended dose and recommended dose) for 5 days at (27 ± 2◦C and 65 ± 5% R.H.), and 100% carbon dioxide for different times) 30min ,1hr ,2hr ,4hr,6hr ,8hr ,12hr and 16hr), respectively. The finding revealed that the increasing concentration of aluminum phosphide gas increases the mortality till the recommended dose (1.170 g / m 3 / 5 days), while the suitable time with carbon dioxide gas was 16 hours which completed % mortality of eggs and lavera E. cautella and adult of O. surinamensis. The efficiency of exposure to aluminum phosphide gas at the recommended dose was reduced microbial load less than carbon dioxide. Also, the treated date fruits with carbon dioxide were reduced E. coli and Saccharomyces cervisiae than the other ones.

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