Impact of Endophytic Produced Lipopeptides and Whitefly, (Bemisia tabaci) Honeydew Kairomone Bacteria on Limitation of The Insect and Its Associated Virus in Tomato

Fahim, Sameh F.; Hussein, Walaa; Awad, Hosam

doi:10.21608/eajbsa.2022.230800

Impact of Endophytic Produced Lipopeptides and Whitefly, (Bemisia tabaci) Honeydew Kairomone Bacteria on Limitation of The Insect and Its Associated Virus in Tomato

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Agricultural Microbiology and Biotechnology, Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom 32514, Egypt.

² Genetics and Cytology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), Dokki, Egypt.

³ Plant pathogenic, Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Kom 23514, Egypt.

10.21608/eajbsa.2022.230800

Abstract

The whitefly is one of the most damaging pests to economical tomato crop in the world, it is considered the first plant virus’s transgenic insects. Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) is a major tomato viral disease transgenic by this insect. Many efforts have been done for controlling this virus infection. Among these many efforts was the whitefly biocontrol by using kairomonic bacteria and the endophytic bacterial lipopeptides to induce plant resistance against viral infection. The lipopeptides produced by Bacillus subtilis endophytic bacterial strains isolated from tomatoes showed a strong reduction in the symptoms caused by (ToMV) virus due to their responsibility for the elicitation of the Systemic Resistance Induction (SRI) mechanism in tomato seedlings. The re-insertion of these endophytic Bacillus subtilis BMG100 bacterial strains by tissue culture technique has also a negative ELISA result with complete severe viral symptoms reduction. The electron microscopical image confirmed the insertion and the huge spreading of endophyticus within tissues. While the spraying of mechanical or biological infected seedlings by the produced endophytic bacterial lipopeptides suspension showed negative ELISA and significant symptoms reduction by the same action happened on the endophyticus re-bacterized seedlings, thus confirming the promising antiviral activities of produced lipopeptides. However, the plant surfaces infected by whitefly and treated with Priestia endophytica BMG103 and Bacillus endophyticus BMG104 kairomone bacteria showed a big vanishment of whitefly stages on the opened field. Moreover, the levels of relative gene expression of the enzyme phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and the other β 1,3- glucanase 2 (BGL2) which they involved in the promoting of induced resistance phenomenon in tomato seedlings were elevated by lipopeptides treatment due to the relationship between the systemic resistance induction (SRI) with salicylate and jasmoniate involved substrates in defense mechanisms.

Keywords